Action of Neurotransmitter: A Key to Unlock the AgRP Neuron Feeding Circuit.
Action of Neurotransmitter: A Key to Unlock the AgRP Neuron Feeding Circuit.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2012.00200
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Tong Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu T;Wang Q;Berglund ED;Tong Q
目前肥胖症的流行和缺乏有效的治疗方法，需要清楚地了解体重调节的机制。尽管对肥胖发病机制的研究十分深入，但仍缺乏有效的治疗策略。在过去的几十年里，令人兴奋的研究已经确立了下丘脑刺豚鼠相关蛋白表达神经元（AgRP神经元）在调节体重稳态中的重要性。AgRP神经元是摄食调节所必需的，也是足够的。AgRP神经元的活性受到营养激素以及来自上游神经元的突触输入的复杂调节。AgRP神经元活性的变化导致介质释放的改变，包括神经肽神经肽Y（NPY）和AgRP，以及快速作用的神经递质GABA。最近的研究基于小鼠遗传学，新颖的光遗传学，和设计师受体专门激活的设计师药物已经确定了一个关键的作用，GABA释放从AgRP神经元在臂旁核和室旁下丘脑的摄食控制。本文综述了近年来有关AgRP神经元介导的摄食回路控制的研究结果，重点介绍了神经递质的作用。鉴于对摄食调节的知识有限，了解神经递质的作用可能是解开控制摄食的神经回路的关键。
The current obesity epidemic and lack of efficient therapeutics demand a clear understanding of the mechanism underlying body weight regulation. Despite intensive research focus on obesity pathogenesis, an effective therapeutic strategy to treat and cure obesity is still lacking. Exciting studies in last decades have established the importance of hypothalamic agouti-related protein-expressing neurons (AgRP neurons) in the regulation of body weight homeostasis. AgRP neurons are both required and sufficient for feeding regulation. The activity of AgRP neurons is intricately regulated by nutritional hormones as well as synaptic inputs from upstream neurons. Changes in AgRP neuron activity lead to alterations in the release of mediators, including neuropeptides Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and AgRP, and fast-acting neurotransmitter GABA. Recent studies based on mouse genetics, novel optogenetics, and designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs have identified a critical role for GABA release from AgRP neurons in the parabrachial nucleus and paraventricular hypothalamus in feeding control. This review will summarize recent findings about AgRP neuron-mediated control of feeding circuits with a focus on the role of neurotransmitters. Given the limited knowledge on feeding regulation, understanding the action of neurotransmitters may be a key to unlock neurocircuitry that governs feeding.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
BILLINGTON, CJ;BRIGGS, JE;LEVINE, AS
通讯作者：
LEVINE, AS
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Elias, CF;Aschkenasi, C;Elmquist, JK
通讯作者：
Elmquist, JK
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Cowley, MA;Smith, RG;Horvath, TL
通讯作者：
Horvath, TL
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Elmquist, JK;Coppari, R;Lowell, BB
通讯作者：
Lowell, BB
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
CLARK, JT;KALRA, PS;KALRA, SP
通讯作者：
KALRA, SP