Apparent Motives for Aggression in the Social Context of the Bar.
Apparent Motives for Aggression in the Social Context of the Bar.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0029677
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Wells, Samantha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham, Kathryn;Bernards, Sharon;Osgood, D. Wayne;Parks, Michael;Abbey, Antonia;Felson, Richard B.;Saltz, Robert F.;Wells, Samantha
针对攻击动机的系统研究很少，现有的研究大多是定性的、非理论性的。这项研究增加了现有的知识，通过使用强制行动的理论来量化的明显动机的个人参与酒吧侵略。目的是审查：性别差异在使用的遵守，委屈，社会认同，兴奋的动机;如何动机改变在一个侵略性的遭遇;和侵略严重性的动机的关系。作为“更安全酒吧”评估的一部分，我们分析了844份对大型深夜饮酒场所观察到的攻击性事件的叙述性描述。训练有素的编码员对1,507名从事攻击行为的酒吧顾客的每种动机进行了评级。妇女更有可能受到顺从和不满的驱使，其中许多与男子不受欢迎的性行为有关;而男子更有可能受到社会身份问题和兴奋的驱使。升级的攻击行为往往是由身份或不满的动机，与身份动机，特别是与更严重的侵略。防止严重侵略的一个关键因素是制定办法，在侵略升级时着重解决身份问题，并在涉及不满和身份动机的事件升级前予以化解。在酒吧，这可能包括培训工作人员识别和化解身份动机，并消除引发不满的情况，如人群瓶颈和管理不善的队列。预防性干预措施一般需要更直接地处理身份动机的作用，特别是在男子中。
Little systematic research has focused on motivations for aggression and most of the existing research is qualitative and atheoretical. This study increases existing knowledge by using the theory of coercive actions to quantify the apparent motives of individuals involved in barroom aggression. Objectives were to examine: gender differences in the use of compliance, grievance, social identity, and excitement motives; how motives change during an aggressive encounter; and the relationship of motives to aggression severity. We analyzed 844 narrative descriptions of aggressive incidents observed in large late-night drinking venues as part of the Safer Bars evaluation. Trained coders rated each type of motive for the 1,507 bar patrons who engaged in aggressive acts. Women were more likely to be motivated by compliance and grievance, many in relation to unwanted sexual overtures from men; whereas men were more likely to be motivated by social identity concerns and excitement. Aggressive acts that escalated tended to be motivated by identity or grievance, with identity motivation especially associated with more severe aggression. A key factor in preventing serious aggression is to develop approaches that focus on addressing identity concerns in the escalation of aggression and defusing incidents involving grievance and identity motives before they escalate. In bars, this might include training staff to recognize and defuse identity motives and eliminating grievance-provoking situations such as crowd bottlenecks and poorly managed queues. Preventive interventions generally need to more directly address the role of identity motives, especially among men.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Graham, K;Wells, S
通讯作者：
Wells, S
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
DeWall, C. Nathan;Bushman, Brad J.;Webster, Gregory D.
通讯作者：
Webster, Gregory D.
影响因子：
6
作者：
Graham, K;Bernards, S;Purcell, J
通讯作者：
Purcell, J
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Graham, K;Wells, S;Jelley, J
通讯作者：
Jelley, J
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Graham, Kathryn;Bernards, Sharon;Saltz, Robert F.
通讯作者：
Saltz, Robert F.