Nanotheranostics - application and further development of nanomedicine strategies for advanced theranostics.
Nanotheranostics - application and further development of nanomedicine strategies for advanced theranostics.
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作者：
Muthu MS;Leong DT;Mei L;Feng SS
纳米治疗诊断学旨在应用和进一步开发先进治疗诊断学的纳米医学策略。本综述总结了迄今为止在纳米治疗学文献中开发的各种纳米载体，包括聚合物缀合物、树枝状聚合物、胶束、脂质体、金属和无机纳米颗粒、碳纳米管和可生物降解聚合物纳米颗粒，用于持续、受控和靶向地共同递送诊断和治疗剂，以更好地协同递送诊断剂和治疗剂。 副作用较少的治疗诊断效果。治疗诊断纳米药物可以实现全身循环，逃避宿主防御，并将药物和诊断剂递送到目标部位，从而在细胞和分子水平上诊断和治疗疾病。治疗剂和诊断剂在纳米医学中配制为单一治疗诊断平台，然后可以进一步与生物配体缀合以进行靶向。纳米治疗还可以促进刺激响应释放、协同和组合治疗、siRNA 共递送、多模式治疗、口服递送、穿过血脑屏障的递送以及逃避细胞内自噬。纳米治疗学的成果将能够提供具有良好预后的个性化治疗，这使得即使是致命的疾病也可以治愈或至少可以在最早阶段得到治疗。
Nanotheranostics is to apply and further develop nanomedicine strategies for advanced theranostics. This review summarizes the various nanocarriers developed so far in the literature for nanotheranostics, which include polymer conjugations, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, metal and inorganic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and nanoparticles of biodegradable polymers for sustained, controlled and targeted co-delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents for better theranostic effects with fewer side effects. The theranostic nanomedicine can achieve systemic circulation, evade host defenses and deliver the drug and diagnostic agents at the targeted site to diagnose and treat the disease at cellular and molecular level. The therapeutic and diagnostic agents are formulated in nanomedicine as a single theranostic platform, which can then be further conjugated to biological ligand for targeting. Nanotheranostics can also promote stimuli-responsive release, synergetic and combinatory therapy, siRNA co-delivery, multimodality therapies, oral delivery, delivery across the blood-brain barrier as well as escape from intracellular autophagy. The fruition of nanotheranostics will be able to provide personalized therapy with bright prognosis, which makes even the fatal diseases curable or at least treatable at the earliest stage.
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