Reinforcement signalling in Drosophila; dopamine does it all after all.

Reinforcement signalling in Drosophila; dopamine does it all after all.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.conb.2013.01.005
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发表时间:
2013-06
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Waddell S
Waddell S
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Waddell S

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强化系统被认为可以驱动存储记忆的神经回路中的突触可塑性。最近从果蝇的证据表明,解剖学上不同的多巴胺能神经元最终提供了关键的指导信号,食欲和厌恶的学习。多巴胺的这种双重作用推翻了以前的模型,即章鱼胺发出奖励和多巴胺惩罚的信号。更重要的是,多巴胺在奖励和厌恶中的这种解剖学上分离的双重作用反映了哺乳动物中出现的情况。因此,不同的强化多巴胺能神经元的拮抗组织是大脑的保守特征。现在看来,了解多巴胺能神经元是如何被控制的,以及释放的多巴胺对底层回路做了什么来传递相反的价态,似乎至关重要。
Reinforcement systems are believed to drive synaptic plasticity within neural circuits that store memories. Recent evidence from the fruit fly suggests that anatomically distinct dopaminergic neurons ultimately provide the key instructive signals for both appetitive and aversive learning. This dual role for dopamine overturns the previous model that octopamine signaled reward and dopamine punishment. More importantly, this anatomically segregated double role for dopamine in reward and aversion mirrors that emerging in mammals. Therefore, an antagonistic organization of distinct reinforcing dopaminegic neurons is a conserved feature of brains. It now seems crucial to understand how the dopaminergic neurons are controlled and what the released dopamine does to the underlying circuits to convey opposite valence.
神经元型特异性信号,用于腹侧对段区域的奖励和惩罚。
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