Controlled human drug administration studies are necessary to define the THC-sparing effects of CBD and other cannabis constituents.
Controlled human drug administration studies are necessary to define the THC-sparing effects of CBD and other cannabis constituents.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41386-023-01538-y
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发表时间：
2023-05
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Cooper, Ziva. D. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pabon, Elisa;Cooper, Ziva. D. D.
大麻是美国最常用的毒品，仅次于酒精和尼古丁。随着政策的不断变化，大麻的获取和使用将会增加。大麻含有植物大麻素、萜烯和类黄酮；每种药物的浓度根据化学药物和大麻衍生产品的制备而变化。研究最多的两种植物大麻素是-9-四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）。四氢大麻酚是主要的精神活性成分，有助于大麻的潜在治疗和不利影响。四氢大麻酚的不良反应包括认知障碍、中毒、焦虑效应、类似精神病的经历、滥用责任和大麻使用障碍的发展。这些影响增加了与非医用大麻使用有关的风险，并限制了四氢大麻酚用于医疗目的时的临床效用。CBD没有四氢大麻酚的副作用。早期的临床研究指出，CBD具有抗焦虑和抗精神病的特性，这两种作用与四氢大麻酚[1]相关。基于临床前研究结果的假设激发了人们对大麻成分与四氢大麻酚相互作用的潜力的兴趣，从而减轻了四氢大麻酚的风险并增强了其潜在的药用特性（即四氢大麻酚节约效应）。迄今为止，绝大部分的临床研究探索大麻成分的四氢大麻酚节约效应集中在四氢大麻酚和CBD之间的相互作用，这产生了不同的结果。尽管如此，大麻市场的很大一部分是由cbd -四氢大麻酚组合产品组成的。这些产品通常根据每个单位中CBD与四氢大麻酚的剂量比例出售；流行的比例范围从1:1到50:1，这表明CBD和THC的比例越高可能“更安全”。在这里，我们评论了最近一项探讨CBD的四氢大麻酚节约效应的临床研究，描述了研究结果如何影响该领域，并强调了未来旨在为医疗和非医疗大麻使用提供信息的研究。在本期《神经精神药理学》杂志上，Englund等人报道了第一批对照药物给药研究之一，该研究系统地评估了在商业市场上通常可获得的CBD: THC比例范围内（0,1,1,2,1,3,1）[2]共同给药CBD的四氢大麻酚节约效果。在保持四氢大麻酚剂量（10mg）不变和增加CBD剂量（0、10、20、30mg）的情况下，四氢大麻酚单独给药的不良反应为
Cannabis is the most commonly used drug in the United States after alcohol and nicotine. With ongoing policy changes, cannabis accessibility and use will increase. Cannabis contains phytocannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids; concentrations of each vary according to chemovar and cannabis-derived product preparation. The two most studied phytocannabinoids are delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THC is the primary psychoactive constituent contributing to the potential therapeutic and adverse effects of cannabis. Adverse effects attributed to THC include cognitive impairment, intoxication, anxiogenic effects, psychotic-like experiences, abuse liability, and development of cannabis use disorder. These effects increase risks associated with non-medical cannabis use and limit the clinical utility of THC when used for medical purposes. CBD lacks the adverse effects of THC. Early clinical studies point to CBD’s anxiolytic and antipsychotic properties–effects that oppose two risks associated with THC [1]. Hypotheses rooted in preclinical findings have spurred interest in the potential for cannabis constituents to interact with THC, mitigating THC’s risks and enhancing its potential medicinal properties (ie, THC-sparing effects). To date, the overwhelming share of clinical research probing THC-sparing effects of cannabis constituents focuses on interactions between THC and CBD, which has generated mixed findings. Nonetheless, a significant segment of the cannabis market consists of CBD-THC combination products. These products are commonly sold according to the ratio of CBD to THC doses in each unit; popular ratios range from 1: 1 to 50: 1 with the suggestion that higher CBD: THC ratios may be “safer.” Here we comment on a recent clinical study probing CBD’s THC-sparing effects, describe how findings impact the field, and highlight future research designed to inform medical and non-medical cannabis use.In this issue of Neuropsychopharmacology, Englund et al. report on one of the first controlled drug administration studies to systematically assess the THC-sparing effects of co-administered CBD across a range of CBD: THC ratios typically available in commercial markets (0: 1, 1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 1)[2]. While holding the THC dose (10mg) constant and increasing the CBD dose (0, 10, 20, 30mg), the adverse effects of THC administered alone were
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Hutten, Nadia R. P. W.;Arkell, T. R.;Vinckenbosch, F.;Schepers, J.;Kevin, R. C.;Theunissen, E. L.;Kuypers, K. P. C.;McGregor, I. S.;Ramaekers, J. G.
通讯作者：
Ramaekers, J. G.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Englund, Amir;Oliver, Dominic;Chesney, Edward;Chester, Lucy;Wilson, Jack;Sovi, Simina;De Micheli, Andrea;Hodsoll, John;Fusar-Poli, Paolo;Strang, John;Murray, Robin M.;Freeman, Tom P.;McGuire, Philip
通讯作者：
McGuire, Philip
DOI：
10.1007/s00406-019-00978-2
发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Solowij, Nadia;Broyd, Samantha;Croft, Rodney
通讯作者：
Croft, Rodney
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Hasbi, Ahmed;Madras, Bertha K.;George, Susan R.
通讯作者：
George, Susan R.