A DNA-based non-infectious replicon system to study SARS-CoV-2 RNA synthesis.

A DNA-based non-infectious replicon system to study SARS-CoV-2 RNA synthesis.
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基于 DNA 的非传染性复制子系统,用于研究 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 合成

DOI:
10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.044
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Zhao, Dan
Zhao, Dan
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Feng, Xiaolong;Zhang, Xiaofan;Jiang, Shuangying;Tang, Yuanwei;Cheng, Chao;Krishna, Parthasarathy Abinand;Wang, Xiaoting;Dai, Junbiao;Zeng, Jianyang;Xia, Tian;Zhao, Dan

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部分图形摘要由 Figdraw 绘制。由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的 2019 冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行严重影响了世界各地的公共卫生。深入研究SARS-CoV-2的致病机制对于预防大流行来说是迫切需要的。然而,大多数关于SARS-CoV-2的实验室研究必须在生物安全3级(BSL-3)实验室中进行,极大地限制了相关实验的进展。在本研究中,我们采用细菌人工染色体(BAC)方法在Vero E6细胞中组装SARS-CoV-2复制和转录系统,无需形成病毒颗粒包膜,从而避免了冠状病毒暴露的风险。此外,使用改进的实时定量逆转录PCR(RT-qPCR)方法来区分全长复制子RNA的复制和亚基因组RNA(sgRNA)的转录。使用 SARS-CoV-2 复制子,我们证明了 SARS-CoV-2 的核衣壳 (N) 蛋白在不连续合成过程中促进 sgRNA 的转录。此外,N蛋白的两个高频突变体R203K和S194L可以明显增强复制子的转录水平,暗示这些突变可能使SARS-CoV-2能够更快地传播和繁殖。此外,在之前的研究中被证明对冠状病毒有效的两种著名药物瑞德西韦和氯喹也抑制了我们的复制子的转录,表明该系统在抗病毒药物发现中的潜在应用。总体而言,我们开发了一种生物安全且有价值的 SARS-CoV-2 复制子系统,可用于研究病毒 RNA 合成机制,并在新型抗病毒药物筛选中具有潜力。
Part of the graphical abstract was drawn by Figdraw. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has seriously affected public health around the world. In-depth studies on the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 is urgently necessary for pandemic prevention. However, most laboratory studies on SARS-CoV-2 have to be carried out in bio-safety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratories, greatly restricting the progress of relevant experiments. In this study, we used a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) method to assemble a SARS-CoV-2 replication and transcription system in Vero E6 cells without virion envelope formation, thus avoiding the risk of coronavirus exposure. Furthermore, an improved real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) approach was used to distinguish the replication of full-length replicon RNAs and transcription of subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs). Using the SARS-CoV-2 replicon, we demonstrated that the nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV-2 facilitates the transcription of sgRNAs in the discontinuous synthesis process. Moreover, two high-frequency mutants of N protein, R203K and S194L, can obviously enhance the transcription level of the replicon, hinting that these mutations likely allow SARS-CoV-2 to spread and reproduce more quickly. In addition, remdesivir and chloroquine, two well-known drugs demonstrated to be effective against coronavirus in previous studies, also inhibited the transcription of our replicon, indicating the potential applications of this system in antiviral drug discovery. Overall, we developed a bio-safe and valuable replicon system of SARS-CoV-2 that is useful to study the mechanisms of viral RNA synthesis and has potential in novel antiviral drug screening.
冠状病毒的核衣壳蛋白在哺乳动物细胞中充当 RNA 沉默的病毒抑制剂。
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发表时间: 2021-03
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