Immunomodulation by dietary long chain omega-3 fatty acids and the potential for adverse health outcomes.
Immunomodulation by dietary long chain omega-3 fatty acids and the potential for adverse health outcomes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plefa.2013.09.011
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发表时间：
2013-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gurzell EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fenton JI;Hord NG;Ghosh S;Gurzell EA
建议食用鱼类预防心血管疾病（CVD）及其公认安全（GRAS）状态产生了意想不到的后果，鼓励长链ω-3（ω-3）脂肪酸[（二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）]补充和强化实践。虽然有证据支持EPA/DHA补充剂对减少突发心脏事件的保护作用，但在其他疾病结局的背景下补充LCω-3PUFA的安全性和有效性尚不清楚。最近在感染性疾病动物模型中对细菌、病毒和真菌感染的研究表明，LCω-3PUFA摄入会抑制免疫力，改变病原体清除，导致存活率降低。EPA/DHA的相同生理特性负责改善与慢性心血管病理或自身免疫状态相关的炎症，但可能会通过降低宿主抵抗力或干扰肿瘤监测而损害急性感染期间的病原体清除，从而导致不良健康结果。最近的观察表明，高血清LCω-3PUFA水平与前列腺癌和房颤的高风险相关，这增加了对不良结局的关注。鉴于LCω-3PUFA的补充剂和常见食品强化的广泛使用，本文综述了膳食LCω-3PUFA、EPA和DHA的免疫调节作用，这是潜在负面健康结果的机制基础，并呼吁生物标志物的开发和验证作为设定推荐膳食摄入水平的合理第一步。
Recommendations to consume fish for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and its generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status have had the unanticipated consequence of encouraging long-chain omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acid [(eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] supplementation and fortification practices. While there is evidence supporting a protective role for EPA/DHA supplementation for reducing sudden cardiac events, the safety and efficacy of supplementation with LCω-3PUFA in the context of other disease outcomes is unclear. Recent studies of bacterial, viral, and fungal infections in animal models of infectious disease demonstrate that LCω-3PUFA intake dampens immunity and alters pathogen clearance and result in reduced survival. The same physiological properties of EPA/DHA that are responsible for the amelioration of inflammation associated with chronic cardiovascular pathology or autoimmune states, may impair pathogen clearance during acute infections by decreasing host resistance or interfere with tumor surveillance resulting in adverse health outcomes. Recent observations that high serum LCω-3PUFA levels are associated with higher risk of prostate cancer and atrial fibrillation have heightened the concern for adverse outcomes. Given the widespread use of supplements and fortification of common food items with LCω-3PUFA, this review focuses on the immunomodulatory effects of the dietary LCω-3PUFAs, EPA and DHA, the mechanistic basis for potential negative health outcomes, and calls for biomarker development and validation as rational first steps for setting recommended dietary intake levels.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Beli, Eleni;Li, Maoxiang;Pestka, James J.
通讯作者：
Pestka, James J.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1086/650344
发表时间：
2010-02-01
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Aarsetoey H;Aarsetoey R;Lindner T;Staines H;Harris WS;Nilsen DW
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bonilla, Diana L.;Ly, Lan H.;McMurray, David N.
通讯作者：
McMurray, David N.