Independent evolution of neurotoxin and flagellar genetic loci in proteolytic Clostridium botulinum.
Independent evolution of neurotoxin and flagellar genetic loci in proteolytic Clostridium botulinum.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-10-115
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发表时间：
2009-03-19
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Peck MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter AT;Paul CJ;Mason DR;Twine SM;Alston MJ;Logan SM;Austin JW;Peck MW
肉毒梭菌是肉毒中毒的病原体，肉毒中毒是一种严重的神经麻痹性疾病。由于肉毒杆菌中毒的严重性，令人惊讶的是，对C的种群结构、生物学、繁殖或进化知之甚少。肉毒杆菌。最近测定的C.肉毒杆菌已经允许使用DNA微阵列进行比较基因组索引。全基因组微阵列分析显示，参考菌株ATCC 3502中存在的63%的编码序列（CDS）与所有61种广泛代表性的蛋白水解C菌株共有。肉毒杆菌和与肉毒杆菌关系密切的C.孢子发生试验。这表明基因组相对稳定。然而，有证据表明重组和遗传交换，特别是在神经毒素基因和簇内（包括神经毒素基因转移到C。生孢子菌）和鞭毛糖基化岛（FGI）。这两个基因座似乎是相互独立进化的，并且与遗传互补的其余部分无关。一些菌株是非典型的;例如，虽然14个菌株中的10个形成A1型毒素在全基因组、神经毒素簇和FGI分析中给出了几乎相同的图谱，但其他4个菌株显示出不同的特性。此外，在海洛因相关伤口肉毒中毒病例的菌株中发现了一种新的神经毒素亚型（A5）。这是第一次，鞭毛糖基化谱的差异可能与FGI基因含量的差异有关。蛋白水解C.肉毒杆菌具有稳定的基因组骨架，其含有遗传异质性的特定区域。这些包括神经毒素基因簇和FGI，它们各自独立于彼此和遗传互补的其余部分进化。对这些遗传成分的分析提供了对蛋白水解C菌株的高度区分。肉毒杆菌，并适用于肉毒杆菌中毒爆发的临床和法医调查。
Proteolytic Clostridium botulinum is the causative agent of botulism, a severe neuroparalytic illness. Given the severity of botulism, surprisingly little is known of the population structure, biology, phylogeny or evolution of C. botulinum. The recent determination of the genome sequence of C. botulinum has allowed comparative genomic indexing using a DNA microarray. Whole genome microarray analysis revealed that 63% of the coding sequences (CDSs) present in reference strain ATCC 3502 were common to all 61 widely-representative strains of proteolytic C. botulinum and the closely related C. sporogenes tested. This indicates a relatively stable genome. There was, however, evidence for recombination and genetic exchange, in particular within the neurotoxin gene and cluster (including transfer of neurotoxin genes to C. sporogenes), and the flagellar glycosylation island (FGI). These two loci appear to have evolved independently from each other, and from the remainder of the genetic complement. A number of strains were atypical; for example, while 10 out of 14 strains that formed type A1 toxin gave almost identical profiles in whole genome, neurotoxin cluster and FGI analyses, the other four strains showed divergent properties. Furthermore, a new neurotoxin sub-type (A5) has been discovered in strains from heroin-associated wound botulism cases. For the first time, differences in glycosylation profiles of the flagella could be linked to differences in the gene content of the FGI. Proteolytic C. botulinum has a stable genome backbone containing specific regions of genetic heterogeneity. These include the neurotoxin gene cluster and the FGI, each having evolved independently of each other and the remainder of the genetic complement. Analysis of these genetic components provides a high degree of discrimination of strains of proteolytic C. botulinum, and is suitable for clinical and forensic investigations of botulism outbreaks.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Franciosa, Giovanna;Maugliani, Antonella;Aureli, Paolo
通讯作者：
Aureli, Paolo
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Jovita, MR;Collins, MD;East, AK
通讯作者：
East, AK
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0503252102
发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Champion, OL;Gaunt, MW;Wren, BW
通讯作者：
Wren, BW
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
McNally, David J.;Lamoureux, Marc P.;Szymanski, Christine M.
通讯作者：
Szymanski, Christine M.
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.166
发表时间：
2007-09-14
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Marshall, Kristin M.;Bradshaw, Marite;Johnson, Eric A.
通讯作者：
Johnson, Eric A.