The influence of threat on the efficiency of goal-directed attentional control.
The influence of threat on the efficiency of goal-directed attentional control.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00426-020-01321-4
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发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anderson BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim AJ;Lee DS;Anderson BA
焦虑一直被发现通过身体上的显著刺激来增强注意力捕获，这可能是由于分心加工的增强，或者是目标定向注意力的损害，或者两者兼而有之。与此同时，最近的一项研究表明，威胁操纵减少了与奖励相关的刺激对注意力的捕获，这表明焦虑不会增加注意力分散，否则通常不会干扰注意力的控制。在实验中，我们通过在适应性选择视觉搜索任务中通过电击威胁诱导焦虑来检验威胁的体验是否会影响目标定向注意控制。参与者在每次试验中选择两种与任务相关的颜色中的一种进行搜索，其中搜索不太丰富的颜色将是最大化性能的最佳选择。性能评估是在有和没有不可预测的电击威胁的情况下进行的。在受到威胁的情况下，参与者在视觉搜索中表现得更好，错过的目标也更少。在最佳目标颜色切换的实验中，性能得到了改善，表明威胁有利于适应不断变化的注意要求。我们的发现表明，威胁可以促进目标定向注意控制的效率，并且与焦虑和注意控制之间的对立关系是不一致的。
Anxiety has consistently been found to potentiate attentional capture by physically salient stimuli, which could be due to enhanced distractor processing, impaired goal-directed attention, or both. At the same time, a recent study demonstrated that a threat manipulation reduces attentional capture by reward-associated stimuli, suggesting that anxiety does not increase distractibility or, otherwise, interfere with the control of attention generally. Here, we experimentally induced anxiety via threat-of-shock in the adaptive choice visual search task to examine whether the experience of threat influences goal-directed attentional control. Participants chose to search through one of two task-relevant colors on each trial, where searching through the less abundant color would be optimal for maximizing performance. Performance was evaluated with and without the threat of unpredictable electric shock. Under threat, participants were more optimal in their visual search and missed fewer targets. Performance improvements were demonstrated on trials that the optimal target color switched, demonstrating that threat is beneficial in adapting to changing attentional demands. Our findings demonstrate that threat can facilitate the efficiency of goal-directed attentional control and are at odds with an antagonistic relationship between anxiety and the control of attention.
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2009.109
发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
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