Novel SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and COVID19 disease; a systemic review on the global pandemic.
Novel SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and COVID19 disease; a systemic review on the global pandemic.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gendis.2020.06.004
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Al Otaibi F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Rohaimi AH;Al Otaibi F
进入世纪以来，几次病毒性疾病暴发威胁着人类，对现代医疗体系提出了新的挑战。最近在中国武汉爆发的疫情（2019年12月）代表了一种β冠状病毒，被归类为新型严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒-2（SARS-CoV-2），属于冠状病毒科。新型SARS-CoV-2与先前的冠状病毒（如2002年中国的SARS-CoV和2015年中东的MERS-CoV）具有显著的相似性。然而，初步的研究调查表明，新的SARS-CoV-2进化出了几个突变，并发展出了跨物种的能力，即，从动物到人类初步研究表明，刺突蛋白是hACE 2受体粘附和进入细胞的重要靶分子。成功进入后，病毒主要集中在呼吸道细胞系，并引发大量免疫反应，导致粘液产生。在严重的情况下，该病毒能够迫使病毒性肺炎导致呼吸系统的崩溃，即，COVID 19.到目前为止，人类对该病毒缺乏免疫力。同时，在没有治疗干预的情况下，许多国家的死亡率很高，如美国、欧洲国家，即，意大利、西班牙、法国和英国。疫苗开发正在进行中，并面临挑战，因为许多报告表明病毒基因组和蛋白质的遗传变异。本研究提供了一个完整的全面概述新的SARS-CoV-2爆发，人类传播和全球传播。
Since the beginning of the 21st century, several viral outbreaks have threatened humankind and posed a new challenge to the modern healthcare system. The recent outbreak in Wuhan (December 2019), China, represents a beta coronavirus classified as novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Novel SARS-CoV-2 represents a significant similarity with previous coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV in 2002, China and MERS-CoV in 2015, Middle East. However, preliminary research investigations have shown the novel SARS-CoV-2 evolved with several mutations and developed the capacity to cross the species, i.e., animal to human. The initial findings have shown that spike proteins are vital molecules target hACE2 receptor for its attachment and entry into cells. After successful entry virus primarily focuses on respiratory airway cell lines and triggers a massive immune response leading to mucus generation. In severe conditions, the virus is capable of forcing viral pneumonia leading to the collapse of the respiratory system, i.e., COVID19. So far, there is a lack of immunity against the virus in humans. At the same in the absence of therapeutic interventions, many countries experienced high mortality, such as the United States, European countries, i.e., Italy, Spain, France, and the United Kingdom. The vaccine development is underway and experiencing challenges, as many reports demonstrated genetic variations in viral genome and proteins as well. The present study provides a complete comprehensive overview of the novel SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, human transmission, and global spread.
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