Understanding the Community Perceptions and Knowledge of Bats and Transmission of Nipah Virus in Bangladesh.
Understanding the Community Perceptions and Knowledge of Bats and Transmission of Nipah Virus in Bangladesh.
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DOI：
10.3390/ani10101814
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发表时间：
2020-10-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Islam A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hassan MM;Kalam MA;Alam M;Shano S;Faruq AA;Hossain MS;Islam MN;Khan SA;Islam A
我们评估了人们关于蝙蝠生态的知识、态度和认知，与蝙蝠有关的神话，以及他们参与尼帕病毒(Nipah Virus，NIV)传播的情况。我们发现，孟加拉国的社区居民对蝙蝠生态和围绕尼夫的神话缺乏了解。人们的人口统计特征，如性别、年龄、职业、教育水平和接触Nipah疫情，被确定为影响他们对蝙蝠生态、神话和他们传播Niv的知识、态度和看法的关键因素。建议对社区中的目标群体进行教育干预，以提高认识，并改善人们目前对蝙蝠在生态系统服务中的作用及其导致孟加拉国新城疫传播的危险行为的了解。蝙蝠是已知的尼帕病毒(Nipah Virus，NIV)和一些丝状病毒的储存库，也可能携带严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2(SARS-CoV-2)和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)的进化前体。虽然蝙蝠被认为是致命病毒的宿主，但人们对蝙蝠保护和生态的知识、态度和看法知之甚少。目前的研究旨在评估社区居民对蝙蝠生态、神话以及蝙蝠在孟加拉国传播新城疫病毒中的作用的知识、态度和看法。自2001年以来，新城疫一直是对公共卫生的持续威胁，孟加拉国的死亡率约为70%。多年来，实施了许多公共卫生干预措施，以提高对蝙蝠和尼帕暴发区(NOA)和尼帕非暴发区(NNOA)社区人民对蝙蝠和新城疫传播的认识。我们推测，这两个地区的人可能对蝙蝠生态和蝙蝠神话有相似的知识，但对它们在新城疫传播中的作用有不同的了解。使用基于Likert量表的四分调查问卷，我们的分析表明，大多数人对蝙蝠在维持生态平衡中的作用缺乏足够的知识，而是相信他们对蝙蝠的不同神话的信仰。因子得分分析显示，性别(p=0.01)、地区暴发状况(p=0.03)、职业(p=0.04)是影响蝙蝠生态和神话知识的显著因素。回归分析显示，农民对蝙蝠生态和神话有正确或肯定的知识的几率是商人的0.34倍(优势比(OR)=0.34，95%可信区间(95%CI)=0.15~0.78，P=0.01)。关于新城疫通过蝙蝠传播，人们的知识水平较低。在NOA中，年龄(p=0.00)、职业(p=0.00)和教育水平(p=0.00)是影响新城疫传播知识的因素，而在非NOA中，影响因素是职业(p=0.00)和教育水平(p=0.01)。回归分析显示，从事服务业(OR=3.02，95%CI=1.07~8.54，p=0.04)和受过小学教育(OR=3.06，95%CI=1.02~9.17，p<；0.05)的调查对象可能对新城疫的传播有正确的认识。根据研究结果，我们建议对社区中的目标群体进行教育干预，突出蝙蝠的生态系统服务和保护，以改善人们对蝙蝠在生态中的作用和新城疫在孟加拉国传播的现有知识和后续行为。
We assessed people’s knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding bat ecology, myths associated with bats, and their involvement in the transmission of Nipah virus (NiV). We found that community people in Bangladesh had inadequate knowledge of bat ecology and myths surrounding NiV. People’s demographic characteristics, such as sex, age, occupation, level of education, and exposure to a Nipah outbreak, were determined to be key factors influencing their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of bat ecology, myths, and their transmission of NiV. Educational interventions are recommended for targeted groups in the community to raise awareness and to improve people’s current knowledge of the role of bats in ecosystem services and their risky behavioral practices driving NiV transmission in Bangladesh. Bats are known reservoirs of Nipah virus (NiV) and some filoviruses and also appear likely to harbor the evolutionary progenitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). While bats are considered a reservoir of deadly viruses, little is known about people’s knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of bat conservation and ecology. The current study aimed to assess community people’s knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of bat ecology, myths, and the role of bats in transmitting NiV in Bangladesh. Since 2001, NiV has been a continuous threat to public health with a mortality rate of approximately 70% in Bangladesh. Over the years, many public health interventions have been implemented to raise awareness about bats and the spreading of NiV among the community peoples of Nipah outbreak areas (NOAs) and Nipah non-outbreak areas (NNOAs). We hypothesized that people from both areas might have similar knowledge of bat ecology and myths about bats but different knowledge regarding their role in the spreading of NiV. Using a four-point Likert scale-based questionnaire, our analysis showed that most people lack adequate knowledge regarding the role of bats in maintaining the ecological balance and instead trust their beliefs in different myths about bats. Factor score analysis showed that respondents’ gender (p = 0.01), the outbreak status of the area (p = 0.03), and their occupation (p = 0.04) were significant factors influencing their knowledge of bat ecology and myths. A regression analysis showed that farmers had 0.34 times the odds of having correct or positive knowledge of bat ecology and myths than businesspersons (odds ratio (OR) = 0.34, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.15–0.78, p = 0.01). Regarding the spreading of NiV via bats, people had a lower level of knowledge. In NOAs, age (p = 0.00), occupation (p = 0.00), and level of education (p = 0.00) were found to be factors contributing to the amount of knowledge regarding the transmission of NiV, whereas in NNOAs, the contributing factors were occupation (p = 0.00) and level of education (p = 0.01). Regression analysis revealed that respondents who were engaged in services (OR = 3.02, 95% CI = 1.07–8.54, p = 0.04) and who had completed primary education (OR = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.02–9.17, p < 0.05) were likely to have correct knowledge regarding the spreading of NiV. Based on the study results, we recommend educational interventions for targeted groups in the community, highlighting the ecosystem services and conservation of bats so as to improve people’s current knowledge and subsequent behavior regarding the role of bats in ecology and the spreading of NiV in Bangladesh.
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