Stem cell property of postmigratory cranial neural crest cells and their utility in alveolar bone regeneration and tooth development.
Stem cell property of postmigratory cranial neural crest cells and their utility in alveolar bone regeneration and tooth development.
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作者：
Chung, Il-Hyuk;Yamaza, Takayoshi;Zhao, Hu;Choung, Pill-Hoon;Shi, Songtao;Chai, Yang
脊椎动物的神经嵴是一个多能细胞群，产生各种不同的细胞类型。我们发现，迁移后的颅神经嵴细胞（CNCC）保持间充质干细胞的特性，并显示出潜在的效用，颅面结构的再生。我们能够诱导迁移后CNCC向成骨细胞分化，这种分化受骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）和转化生长因子-β信号通路的调控。移植到宿主动物后，移行后CNCC形成骨基质。CNCC形成的骨不同于由骨髓间充质干细胞再生的骨。此外，在我们的CNCC-牙胚共移植系统中，CNCC通过BMP信号传导支持牙胚存活。因此，我们得出结论，迁移后CNCC保存干细胞的功能，有助于颅面骨的形成，并在支持牙齿器官发育中发挥着重要作用。这些发现揭示了一种新的功能迁移后CNCC在器官发育，并证明了这些CNCC在再生颅面结构的效用。
The vertebrate neural crest is a multipotent cell population that gives rise to a variety of different cell types. We have discovered that postmigratory cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) maintain mesenchymal stem cell characteristics and show potential utility for the regeneration of craniofacial structures. We are able to induce the osteogenic differentiation of postmigratory CNCCs, and this differentiation is regulated by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and transforming growth factor-β signaling pathways. After transplantation into a host animal, postmigratory CNCCs form bone matrix. CNCC-formed bones are distinct from bones regenerated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, CNCCs support tooth germ survival via BMP signaling in our CNCC-tooth germ cotransplantation system. Thus, we conclude that postmigratory CNCCs preserve stem cell features, contribute to craniofacial bone formation, and play a fundamental role in supporting tooth organ development. These findings reveal a novel function for postmigratory CNCCs in organ development, and demonstrate the utility of these CNCCs in regenerating craniofacial structures.
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