Endogenous electric fields as guiding cue for cell migration.

Endogenous electric fields as guiding cue for cell migration.
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内源性电场是用于细胞迁移的指导提示。

DOI:
10.3389/fphys.2015.00143
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Funk RH
Funk RH
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Funk RH

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本综述涵盖两个主题:(1)“低强度的膜电位和相关电场(生物电)”和(2)“电场(EF)引导下的细胞迁移”。这种“生物电”的膜电位源自位于每种细胞类型质膜内的特殊分子机器(泵、转运蛋白、离子通道)的电荷分离 (包括真核非神经动物细胞)。离子梯度的产生模式指导许多细胞和分子生物学过程,例如胚胎发生、伤口愈合、再生。此外,EF 作为细胞迁移的指导线索很重要,并且常常凌驾于化学或地形线索之上。例如,在成骨细胞中,EF 的方向信息被细胞膜上的带电转运蛋白捕获,并转移到调节细胞骨架和运动蛋白的信号传导机制中。这导致沿 EF 引导提示持续定向迁移。作为展望,我们讨论有关 EF 波动和细胞“电”内部的频率和映射的问题。进一步研究的另一个令人兴奋的主题是对这种遥远的非化学细胞相互作用的场概念进行建模。
This review covers two topics: (1) “membrane potential of low magnitude and related electric fields (bioelectricity)” and (2) “cell migration under the guiding cue of electric fields (EF).”Membrane potentials for this “bioelectricity” arise from the segregation of charges by special molecular machines (pumps, transporters, ion channels) situated within the plasma membrane of each cell type (including eukaryotic non-neural animal cells). The arising patterns of ion gradients direct many cell- and molecular biological processes such as embryogenesis, wound healing, regeneration. Furthermore, EF are important as guiding cues for cell migration and are often overriding chemical or topographic cues. In osteoblasts, for instance, the directional information of EF is captured by charged transporters on the cell membrane and transferred into signaling mechanisms that modulate the cytoskeleton and motor proteins. This results in a persistent directional migration along an EF guiding cue. As an outlook, we discuss questions concerning the fluctuation of EF and the frequencies and mapping of the “electric” interior of the cell. Another exciting topic for further research is the modeling of field concepts for such distant, non-chemical cellular interactions.
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