Malaria theranostics using hemozoin-generated vapor nanobubbles.

Malaria theranostics using hemozoin-generated vapor nanobubbles.
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DOI:
10.7150/thno.9128
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
12.4
通讯作者:
Lapotko DO
Lapotko DO
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lukianova-Hleb EY;Lapotko DO

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疟疾仍然是一种广泛和致命的人类传染病,由于疟疾感染的耐药性和侵袭性,诊断和治疗面临越来越大的挑战。需要早期发现和采用创新方法消灭寄生虫。疟原虫色素晶体的高光学吸光度和纳米尺寸已被用于在单一治疗程序中检测和机械破坏疟疾寄生虫。在一个短激光脉冲的作用下,在疟原虫感染红细胞的血色素晶体周围产生瞬时蒸汽纳米泡。纳米气泡的光学散射信号报告了疟疾寄生虫的存在。同样的纳米气泡的机械冲击在纳秒内以无药物的方式物理地摧毁了寄生虫。激光诱导的体外人血纳米泡处理在一次处理后可消灭高达95%的寄生虫,并且与标准氯喹药物治疗相比,其杀灭寄生虫的功效提高了8倍。这种破坏机制对疟疾感染的红细胞具有高度选择性,不会伤害邻近未感染的红细胞。因此,激光脉冲诱导的在血色素周围产生的蒸汽纳米泡支持在一个治疗程序中快速和高度特异性地检测和破坏疟疾寄生虫。
Malaria remains a widespread and deadly infectious human disease, with increasing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the drug resistance and aggressiveness of malaria infection. Early detection and innovative approaches for parasite destruction are needed. The high optical absorbance and nano-size of hemozoin crystals have been exploited to detect and mechanically destroy the malaria parasite in a single theranostic procedure. Transient vapor nanobubbles are generated around hemozoin crystals in malaria parasites in infected erythrocytes in response to a single short laser pulse. Optical scattering signals of the nanobubble report the presence of the malaria parasite. The mechanical impact of the same nanobubble physically destroys the parasite in nanoseconds in a drug-free manner. Laser-induced nanobubble treatment of human blood in vitro results in destruction of up to 95% of parasites after a single procedure, and delivers an 8-fold better parasiticidal efficacy compared to standard chloroquine drug treatment. The mechanism of destruction is highly selective for malaria infected red cells and does not harm neighboring, uninfected erythrocytes. Thus, laser pulse-induced vapor nanobubble generation around hemozoin supports both rapid and highly specific detection and destruction of malaria parasites in one theranostic procedure.
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