Language experience influences audiovisual speech integration in unimodal and bimodal bilingual infants.
Language experience influences audiovisual speech integration in unimodal and bimodal bilingual infants.
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语言经验影响单形和双峰双语婴儿的视听语音整合。
DOI：
10.1111/desc.12701
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发表时间：
2019-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
MacSweeney M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mercure E;Kushnerenko E;Goldberg L;Bowden-Howl H;Coulson K;Johnson MH;MacSweeney M
2个月大的婴儿就能整合语音清晰度的听觉和视觉方面的能力。在6个月大的单语婴儿中，注意力从眼睛转移到会说话的嘴巴上。然而，目前尚不清楚这种视听语音加工过程中的注意模式是否受到婴儿期言语和语言经验的影响。本研究通过分析三组不同语言体验的4至8个月大婴儿的视听语音处理来研究这个问题：单语者、单峰双语者(接触两种或两种以上口语的婴儿)和双峰双语者(听力障碍的母亲为聋儿)。眼球跟踪被用来研究婴儿在观看具有一致、不一致和沉默的听觉轨迹的音节的面孔时的面部扫描模式。单语和单峰双语者在4-8个月时增加了对说话面孔嘴巴的注意，而双峰双语者在扫描模式上没有显示任何年龄差异。此外，年龄较大(6.6到8个月)，但不是更年轻的单一语言者(4到6.5个月)对视听不一致的面孔的嘴巴表现出更多的视觉注意力，而不是一致的面孔，表明惊讶或新奇。相反，在单峰或双峰双语者中没有发现视听一致性效应。结果表明，言语和语言经验影响婴儿期的视听整合。具体地说，来自主要照顾者的视听语音体验减少或变化更多，可能会导致对语音清晰度的音频和视觉线索的整合不那么敏感。
Infants as young as 2 months can integrate audio and visual aspects of speech articulation. A shift of attention from the eyes towards the mouth of talking faces occurs around 6 months of age in monolingual infants. However, it is unknown whether this pattern of attention during audiovisual speech processing is influenced by speech and language experience in infancy. The present study investigated this question by analysing audiovisual speech processing in three groups of 4‐ to 8‐month‐old infants who differed in their language experience: monolinguals, unimodal bilinguals (infants exposed to two or more spoken languages) and bimodal bilinguals (hearing infants with Deaf mothers). Eye‐tracking was used to study patterns of face scanning while infants were viewing faces articulating syllables with congruent, incongruent and silent auditory tracks. Monolinguals and unimodal bilinguals increased their attention to the mouth of talking faces between 4 and 8 months, while bimodal bilinguals did not show any age difference in their scanning patterns. Moreover, older (6.6 to 8 months), but not younger, monolinguals (4 to 6.5 months) showed increased visual attention to the mouth of faces articulating audiovisually incongruent rather than congruent faces, indicating surprise or novelty. In contrast, no audiovisual congruency effect was found in unimodal or bimodal bilinguals. Results suggest that speech and language experience influences audiovisual integration in infancy. Specifically, reduced or more variable experience of audiovisual speech from the primary caregiver may lead to less sensitivity to the integration of audio and visual cues of speech articulation.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Danielson, D. Kyle;Bruderer, Alison G.;Werker, Janet F.
通讯作者：
Werker, Janet F.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03478.x
发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
UNITY OF KNOWLEDGE: THE CONVERGENCE OF NATURAL AND HUMAN SCIENCE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kuhl, PK;Tsao, FM;De Boer, B
通讯作者：
De Boer, B
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Narayan, Chandan R.;Werker, Janet F.;Beddor, Patrice Speeter
通讯作者：
Beddor, Patrice Speeter
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Palmer, Stephanie Baker;Fais, Laurel;Werker, Janet F.
通讯作者：
Werker, Janet F.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
KUHL, PK;MELTZOFF, AN
通讯作者：
MELTZOFF, AN