A synapsin Ⅰ cleavage fragment contributes to synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.

A synapsin Ⅰ cleavage fragment contributes to synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
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突触蛋白→裂解片段导致阿尔茨海默病的突触功能障碍

DOI:
10.1111/acel.13619
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发表时间:
2022-05
期刊:
影响因子:
7.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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--
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突触功能障碍是阿尔茨海默病(AD)的一个重要特征。然而,突触功能障碍的分子机制仍不清楚。在这里,我们发现突触蛋白Ⅰ是最重要的突触蛋白之一,被半胱氨酸蛋白酶天冬酰胺内肽酶(AEP)裂解。AEP在AD患者脑组织中裂解N82位突触素,产生突触素Ⅰ(83-705)片段。该片段在神经元中异常分布,并导致突触功能障碍。AEP在野生型小鼠海马区的过度表达导致突触素Ⅰ(83-705)片段的产生,并导致突触功能障碍和认知障碍。此外,在tau P301S转基因小鼠和野生型小鼠的海马区,AEP产生的突触蛋白Ⅰ(83-705)片段过表达促进突触功能障碍和认知障碍。这些发现提示了AD突触功能障碍的一种新机制。天冬酰胺内肽酶在大脑中以年龄相关的方式被激活。活性AEP裂解突触蛋白I,产生突触蛋白I C83片段,影响突触小泡的循环,导致突触功能障碍和认知功能障碍,促进AD的发生。
Synaptic dysfunction is a key feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction remain unclear. Here, we show that synapsin Ⅰ, one of the most important synaptic proteins, is fragmented by the cysteine proteinase asparagine endopeptidase (AEP). AEP cleaves synapsin at N82 in the brains of AD patients and generates the C‐terminal synapsin Ⅰ (83–705) fragment. This fragment is abnormally distributed in neurons and induces synaptic dysfunction. Overexpression of AEP in the hippocampus of wild‐type mice results in the production of the synapsin Ⅰ (83–705) fragment and induces synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficits. Moreover, overexpression of the AEP‐generated synapsin Ⅰ (83–705) fragment in the hippocampus of tau P301S transgenic mice and wild‐type mice promotes synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficits. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of synaptic dysfunction in AD. Asparagine endopeptidase is activated in an age‐dependent manner in the brain. Active AEP cleaves synapsin I and generates the synapsin I C83 fragment, which affects the recycling of synaptic vesicles and causes synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment, promoting the onset of AD.
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