Design of Gold Nanoparticle Vertical Flow Assays for Point-of-Care Testing.
Design of Gold Nanoparticle Vertical Flow Assays for Point-of-Care Testing.
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DOI：
10.3390/diagnostics12051107
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发表时间：
2022-04-28
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--
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垂直流测定（VFA）或流通测定由于其更快的检测时间、更大的样品体积容量和显著更高的多重能力而成为纸基测定的替代类型。它们已被成功地用于检测几种不同的目标（多糖，蛋白质和核酸），尽管与更常见的侧向流测定（LFA）相比，在有限数量的样品（血清，全血，血浆）中。VFA的操作主要依赖于重力，再加上毛细作用或外力，以帮助样品流过堆叠垫的层。随着该领域的最新发展，多层垫和信号读取器已被优化，以实现更用户友好的操作，VFA已实现比金标准方法更低的各种分析物的检测限。因此，与更广泛使用的LFA相比，VFA显示出某些优势，并正在成为在低资源环境中获得定性和定量结果的越来越受欢迎的平台。考虑到金纳米粒子（GNP）在VFA中的广泛应用，我们将主要讨论（1）基于GNP的VFA的设计沿着相关的优点/缺点，（2）基于GNP的VFA的应用的制造和优化，以及（3）基于流动的检测用于即时检测（POCT）诊断的未来前景。
Vertical flow assays (VFAs) or flow-through assays have emerged as an alternate type of paper-based assay due to their faster detection time, larger sample volume capacity, and significantly higher multiplexing capabilities. They have been successfully employed to detect several different targets (polysaccharides, protein, and nucleic acids), although in a limited number of samples (serum, whole blood, plasma) compared to the more commonly known lateral flow assays (LFAs). The operation of a VFA relies mainly on gravity, coupled with capillary action or external force to help the sample flow through layers of stacked pads. With recent developments in this field, multiple layers of pads and signal readers have been optimized for more user-friendly operation, and VFAs have achieved a lower limit of detection for various analytes than the gold-standard methods. Thus, compared to the more widely used LFA, the VFA demonstrates certain advantages and is becoming an increasingly popular platform for obtaining qualitative and quantitative results in low-resource settings. Considering the wide application of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in VFAs, we will mostly discuss (1) the design of GNP-based VFA along with its associated advantages/disadvantages, (2) fabrication and optimization of GNP-based VFAs for applications, and (3) the future outlook of flow-based assays for point-of-care testing (POCT) diagnostics.
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