A quarterly Survey of antibiotic prescribing in small animal and equine practices-Minnesota and North Dakota, 2020.
A quarterly Survey of antibiotic prescribing in small animal and equine practices-Minnesota and North Dakota, 2020.
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DOI：
10.1111/zph.12979
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Beaudoin, Amanda L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bollig, Emma R.;Granick, Jennifer L.;Webb, Teckla L.;Ward, Christie;Beaudoin, Amanda L.
关键词：
抗菌药物对于医学至关重要，但抗菌药物耐药性 (AMR) 问题威胁着这些宝贵药物的有效性。在美国，尽管承认该部门对抗菌素耐药性问题及其解决方案的重要性，但没有制定国家或州级计划或政策来跟踪狗、猫和马的抗生素使用情况 (AU)。 AU 测量是抗生素管理和 AMR 预防的关键部分。这项研究旨在填补兽医专业人士在小动物和马的抗生素处方方面的知识空白。为了实现这一目标，我们从明尼苏达州和北达科他州 19 个小动物和马科诊所收集了 1 年中每季度一天的医疗记录数据，共计 1,899 名狗、猫和马的兽医咨询。总体而言，25.8% 的犬、猫和马咨询涉及抗生素处方。第三代头孢菌素是最常用的全身抗生素药物类别，长效注射药物头孢维星是猫最常用的抗生素（34.5%）。经常开出局部抗生素制剂，特别是在狗身上（占犬类处方的 42.5%），尽管经常同时开出全身抗生素。根据病历中记录的问题或诊断，所有物种抗生素的常见一般适应症包括皮肤病（24.4%）、耳炎（22.1%）、眼科（9.4%）、胃肠道（8.3%）、呼吸道（8.3%）和泌尿道（7.6%）疾病。虽然 44.2% 的服用抗生素的患者进行了细胞学检查，但只有 3.9% 的患者进行了细菌培养和药敏检查。在一项研究前调查中，兽医对 AU 的建议与实际处方不同，这表明 AU 数据的收集比调查提供了更准确的兽医处方行为评估。这项研究表明了 AU 测量在小动物和马中的可行性。事实证明，所述数据收集工具和标准操作程序适用于非盟国家数据收集。
Antimicrobials are critical for medicine, but the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens the effectiveness of these valuable drugs. In USA, there are no national‐ or state‐level programs or policies in place to track antibiotic use (AU) in dogs, cats, and horses, despite acknowledgement of this sector's importance to both the AMR problem and its solution. AU measurement is a key part of antibiotic stewardship and AMR prevention. This study aimed to fill existing gaps in the veterinary professions' knowledge of antibiotic prescribing in small animals and horses. To address this aim, medical record data were collected on a single day per quarter for 1 year from 19 Minnesota and North Dakota small animal and equine practices, totaling 1,899 veterinarian consults of dogs, cats, and horses. Overall, 25.8% of all canine, feline, and equine consults involved an antibiotic prescription. Third‐generation cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed systemic antibiotic drug class, and the long‐acting injectable drug, cefovecin, was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic for cats (34.5%). Topical antibiotic preparations were prescribed frequently, especially in dogs (42.5% of canine prescriptions), though systemic antibiotics were often prescribed concurrently. Common general indications, based on problem or diagnosis recorded in the medical record, for antibiotics in all species combined were skin conditions (24.4%), otitis (22.1%), ophthalmic (9.4%), gastrointestinal (8.3%), respiratory (8.3%), and urinary tract (7.6%) diseases. While 44.2% of patients for which antibiotics were prescribed had cytology performed, only 3.9% had bacterial culture and susceptibility performed. In a pre‐study survey, veterinarians' recommendations for AU differed from actual prescribing, suggesting collection of AU data provides more accurate assessments of veterinary prescribing behaviour than surveys. This study shows feasibility of AU measurement in small animals and horses. The data collection tool and standard operating procedures described prove suitable for national AU data collection.
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