Research Advances on Apoptosis Caused by Quantum Dots
Research Advances on Apoptosis Caused by Quantum Dots
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量子点引起细胞凋亡的研究进展
DOI：
10.1007/s12011-014-0068-7
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Tang Meng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhan QL;Tang Meng
近年来，量子点由于其优越的光学特性，在细胞标记、活组织成像和光动力治疗等生物医学领域得到了广泛的应用。与此同时，量子点潜在的生物学负面效应和/或毒性作用越来越重要，特别是量子点引起的细胞毒性。当使用量子点处理生物体时，常见的细胞毒性之一是细胞凋亡，许多人试图解释量子点使用导致细胞凋亡的机制。其中一个机制是镉离子（Cd2+）和活性氧（ROS）的产生。过量生成ROS会导致氧化应激，从而介导细胞凋亡。此外，细胞死亡受体和线粒体依赖性如B细胞淋巴瘤2 （Bcl-2）家族和caspase家族的激活可导致细胞凋亡。PI3K-AKT、NF- e2相关因子2 (Nrf2)-抗氧化反应元件（ARE）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPKs）、核因子κB （NF-κB）等经典信号通路等信号转导也在细胞凋亡的调控中发挥重要作用。本文介绍了几种降低细胞凋亡率的方法，如表面修饰、控制量子点的剂量、大小和暴露时间以及使用抗氧化剂或抑制剂。在这篇综述中，我们试图回顾与QD引起的细胞凋亡相关的最新发现，以便为未来更安全的QD应用提供一些指导。
Recently, quantum dots (QDs) have been widely applied in biological and biomedical fields such as cell labeling, living tissue imaging, and photodynamic therapy because of their superior optical properties. Meanwhile, the potential biological negative effects and/or toxic effects of QDs have become increasingly important, especially the cytotoxicity caused by QDs. One of the common cytotoxicity when living organisms are treated with QD is apoptosis, where many attempts have been made to explain the mechanisms of apoptosis caused by QDs’ use. One of the mechanisms is the production of cadmium ion (Cd2+) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess generation of ROS will result in oxidative stress that would mediate apoptosis. Furthermore, the activation of cell death receptors and mitochondria-dependent such as B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family and the caspase family could onset apoptosis. Signal transduction such as some classical signal pathways of PI3K-AKT, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) also plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis. Several ways to reduce the apoptotic rate have been introduced, such as surface modification, controlling, the dose, size, and exposure time of QDs as well as using antioxidants or inhibitors. In this review, we attempted to review the most recent findings associated with apoptosis caused by QDs so as to provide some guidelines for a safer QD application in the future.
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影响因子：
10.2
作者：
Prasad BR;Mullins G;Nikolskaya N;Connolly D;Smith TJ;Gérard VA;Byrne SJ;Davies GL;Gun'ko YK;Rochev Y
通讯作者：
Rochev Y
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Circu, Magdalena L.;Aw, Tak Yee
通讯作者：
Aw, Tak Yee
影响因子：
10.2
作者：
Prasad BR;Nikolskaya N;Connolly D;Smith TJ;Byrne SJ;Gérard VA;Gun'ko YK;Rochev Y
通讯作者：
Rochev Y
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Tang M;Xing T;Zeng J;Wang H;Li C;Yin S;Yan D;Deng H;Liu J;Wang M;Chen J;Ruan DY
通讯作者：
Ruan DY