Flying with the birds? Recent large-area dispersal of four Australian Limnadopsis species (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata)
Flying with the birds? Recent large-area dispersal of four Australian Limnadopsis species (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata)
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与鸟儿一起飞翔？
DOI：
10.1002/ece3.265
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Richter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwentner;Richter
临时水体是澳大利亚干旱地区重要的淡水生境。它们拥有独特的动物群，并为水鸟提供重要的觅食和繁殖地。本文以单倍型网络为基础，对澳大利亚特有的四种常见的临时性水生蛤虾分类群Limnadopsis在澳大利亚东部和中部（面积> 1，350，000 km ~ 2）的分子变异和松弛分子钟发散时间估计、地理历史和种群结构进行了评估。分析了413个个体的线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I序列和63个核内转录间隔区2序列的子集。居住在澳大利亚东南部和中部的人口之间的遗传分化，以及那些居住在北方湖艾尔盆地和西澳大利亚州。然而，在大部分的研究区域和跨河流流域系统在澳大利亚东南部和中部（墨累达令盆地，布鲁河，和南部湖艾尔盆地），没有证据表明人口细分观察到的任何fourLimnadopsisspecies。这表明最近基因流动的面积为180万平方公里。这一发现与其他澳大利亚干旱区类群，特别是淡水物种，其人口结构往往根据排水系统观察到的模式形成鲜明对比。该地区缺乏遗传分化可能与大量高度游牧的水鸟有关，这些水鸟可能会将Limnadopsisamong临时水体的休眠蛋分散开来。在大的地理范围内，遗传上未分化的种群与世界其他地区许多其他大型鳃足类的发现形成鲜明对比，即使在相隔几公里的池塘中也经常观察到明显的遗传结构。由于其不同的遗传谱系（高达5.6%的未校正距离）和宽松的分子钟分歧时间估计，Limnadopsis parvispinusis被认为自上新世中期（2400万年前）以来一直居住在墨累-达令盆地。这意味着在整个更新世的干湿循环中，该地区都存在合适的临时水体。
Temporary water bodies are important freshwater habitats in the arid zone of Australia. They harbor a distinct fauna and provide important feeding and breeding grounds for water birds. This paper assesses, on the basis of haplotype networks, analyses of molecular variation and relaxed molecular clock divergence time estimates, the phylogeographic history, and population structure of four common temporary water species of the Australian endemic clam shrimp taxonLimnadopsisin eastern and central Australia (an area of >1,350,000 km2). Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences of 413 individuals and a subset of 63 nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 sequences were analyzed. Genetic differentiation was observed between populations inhabiting southeastern and central Australia and those inhabiting the northern Lake Eyre Basin and Western Australia. However, over large parts of the study area and across river drainage systems in southeastern and central Australia (the Murray–Darling Basin, Bulloo River, and southern Lake Eyre Basin), no evidence of population subdivision was observed in any of the fourLimnadopsisspecies. This indicates recent gene flow across an area of ∼800,000 km2. This finding contrasts with patterns observed in other Australian arid zone taxa, particularly freshwater species, whose populations are often structured according to drainage systems. The lack of genetic differentiation within the area in question may be linked to the huge number of highly nomadic water birds that potentially disperse the resting eggs ofLimnadopsisamong temporary water bodies. Genetically undifferentiated populations on a large geographic scale contrast starkly with findings for many other large branchiopods in other parts of the world, where pronounced genetic structure is often observed even in populations inhabiting pools separated by a few kilometers. Due to its divergent genetic lineages (up to 5.6% uncorrectedp‐distance) and the relaxed molecular clock divergence time estimates obtained,Limnadopsis parvispinusis assumed to have inhabited the Murray–Darling Basin continuously since the mid‐Pliocene (∼4 million years ago). This means that suitable temporary water bodies would have existed in this area throughout the wet–dry cycles of the Pleistocene.
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