TISSUE REPAIR AND EPIMORPHIC REGENERATION: AN OVERVIEW.

TISSUE REPAIR AND EPIMORPHIC REGENERATION: AN OVERVIEW.
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DOI:
10.1007/s40139-018-0161-2
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发表时间:
2018-03
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lozito TP
Lozito TP
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Londono R;Sun AX;Tuan RS;Lozito TP

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这篇手稿讨论了伤口愈合作为外貌再生的一个组成部分以及免疫系统在这个过程中的作用。外型再生涉及胚基的形成,胚基是大量能够产生再生组织的未分化细胞。顶端上皮帽在胚芽形成中起着重要作用。在哺乳动物中很少观察到真正的再生。除转基因菌株外,哺乳动物的组织修复通常会导致非功能性纤维化组织形成。相比之下,许多低等物种,包括涡虫、蝾螈和爬行动物,有能力通过复杂的适应来克服疤痕和组织损失的负担,使它们能够通过外胚再生来再生各种解剖结构。胚细胞被认为是通过各种机制起源的,包括去分化、转分化、预先存在的成体干细胞微环境的迁移以及这些机制的组合。
This manuscript discusses wound healing as a component of epimorphic regeneration and the role of the immune system in this process. Epimorphic regeneration involves formation of a blastema, a mass of undifferentiated cells capable of giving rise to the regenerated tissues. The apical epithelial cap plays an important role in blastemal formation. True regeneration is rarely observed in mammals. With the exception of transgenic strains, tissue repair in mammals usually leads to non-functional fibrotic tissue formation. In contrast, a number of lower order species including planarians, salamanders, and reptiles, have the ability to overcome the burden of scarring and tissue loss through complex adaptations that allow them to regenerate various anatomic structures through epimorphic regeneration. Blastemal cells have been suggested to originate via various mechanisms including de-differentiation, transdifferentiation, migration of pre-existing adult stem cell niches, and combinations of these.
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