Distinct roles of dorsal and ventral subthalamic neurons in action selection and cancellation.
Distinct roles of dorsal and ventral subthalamic neurons in action selection and cancellation.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2020.12.025
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发表时间：
2021-03-03
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Rutishauser U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mosher CP;Mamelak AN;Malekmohammadi M;Pouratian N;Rutishauser U
丘脑底核（subthalamic nucleus，简称丘脑底核）通过抑制除期望的运动程序之外的所有运动程序来支持动作选择。最近的证据表明，当目标发生变化时，大脑也可以取消已经选择的行动，这是认知控制的一个关键方面。然而，几乎没有神经生理学证据表明人类大脑中选择和取消动作之间存在分离。我们记录了人类大脑中执行停止信号任务的单个神经元。运动相关神经元在成功停止过程中抑制其活动，而停止信号神经元在接近停止信号反应时间的低延迟时激活。相比之下，大脑皮层和运动皮层的β爆发只发生在停止过程的后期。任务相关的神经元特性不同的记录位置从背外侧运动到腹内侧停止信号调谐。因此，动作选择和取消在脑内共存，但在解剖学上分离。这些结果表明，人类腹内侧核神经元携带快速停止相关的信号，适用于实施认知控制。Mosher等人的研究表明，人类背侧海马的神经元参与运动，而腹侧海马的神经元则对停止信号做出反应。停止信号的反应很快，符合行动取消的竞赛模型，而β爆发发生得很晚。大脑皮层的神经活动支持大脑皮层超直接地分成功能区。
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) supports action selection by inhibiting all motor programs except the desired one. Recent evidence suggests that STN can also cancel an already selected action when goals change, a key aspect of cognitive control. However, there is little neurophysiological evidence for a dissociation between selecting and cancelling actions in the human STN. We recorded single neurons in the STN of humans performing a stop-signal task. Movement-related neurons suppressed their activity during successful stopping whereas stop-signal neurons activated at low-latencies near the stop-signal reaction time. In contrast, STN and motor-cortical beta-bursting occurred only later in the stopping process. Task-related neuronal properties varied by recording location from dorsolateral movement to ventromedial stop-signal tuning. Therefore, action selection and cancellation coexist in STN but are anatomically segregated. These results show that human ventromedial STN neurons carry fast stop-related signals suitable for implementing cognitive control. Mosher et al. show that neurons in human dorsal STN participate in movement, while those in ventral STN respond to stop-signals. Stop-signal responses are fast, in line with a race-model of action cancellation, and in contrast to beta bursting that occurs late. Neural activity in STN supports a hyperdirect parcellation of STN into functional zones.
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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