Sex differences in scores on standardized measures of autism symptoms: a multisite integrative data analysis.
Sex differences in scores on standardized measures of autism symptoms: a multisite integrative data analysis.
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自闭症症状标准化测量得分的性别差异：多站点综合数据分析。
DOI：
10.1111/jcpp.13242
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bishop SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaat AJ;Shui AM;Ghods SS;Farmer CA;Esler AN;Thurm A;Georgiades S;Kanne SM;Lord C;Kim YS;Bishop SL
有人担心，自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)症状的标准测量结果可能会因性别而异。然而，到目前为止，研究的女性样本很少，阻碍了这些发现。目前的研究评估了在考虑了年龄、智商和语言水平后，性别是否会影响ASD儿童的诊断方法对ASD严重程度的估计。数据来自8个来源，共27个地点。线性混合效应模型，包括对SITE的随机效应，适用于10个结果(ADOS领域水平校准的严重程度评分，自闭症诊断访谈-基于年龄的算法修订的[ADI-R]原始评分，以及社会反应性量表(SRS)上这两个指数的原始评分)。在控制了年龄、NVIQ和语言水平指标后，性别被添加到模型中。性别显著改善的模型适用于一半的结果，但最小二乘均值差异通常可以忽略不计(效应大小[ES]和lt；0.20)，在青春期增加到小到中等(Es<；0.40)。男孩在ADOS和ADI-R(4岁以上算法)上的RRB得分都比女孩高，女孩在这两个SRS指数上的得分都比男孩高，这两个指数都出现在青春期。这项研究结合了几个可用的数据库，创建了患有自闭症的女孩的最大样本。我们发现，性别对ASD严重程度指标的影响比其他已知的影响要小得多。这可能表明，在最终接受临床ASD诊断的儿童中，严重程度估计没有系统性地不同到需要进行性别特定评分程序的程度。然而，考虑到大多数临床确定的样本固有的局限性，未来的研究必须解决没有接受ASD临床诊断的儿童或成年人之间的系统性性别差异问题。此外，虽然目前的研究有助于解决有关广泛使用的诊断工具的问题，但我们无法解决这些分数以外的表型方面的性别差异。
Concerns have been raised that scores on standard measures of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms may differ as a function of sex. However, these findings are hindered by small female samples studied thus far. The current study evaluated if, after accounting for age, IQ, and language level, sex affects ASD severity estimates from diagnostic measures among children with ASD. Data were obtained from eight sources comprising 27 sites. Linear mixed-effects models, including a random effect for site, were fit for 10 outcomes (ADOS domain-level calibrated severity scores, Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised [ADI-R] raw scores by age-based algorithm, and raw scores from the two indices on the Social Responsiveness Scale [SRS]). Sex was added to the models after controlling for age, NVIQ, and an indicator for language level. Sex significantly improved model fit for half of the outcomes, but least square mean differences were generally negligible (effect sizes [ES] < 0.20), increasing to small-to-moderate in adolescence (ES < 0.40). Boys received more severe RRB scores than girls on both the ADOS and ADI-R (age 4+ algorithm) and girls received more severe scores than boys on both SRS indices, which emerged in adolescence. This study combined several available databases to create the largest sample of girls with ASD diagnoses. We found minimal differences due to sex beyond other known influences on ASD severity indicators. This may suggest that, among children who ultimately receive a clinical ASD diagnosis, severity estimates do not systematically differ to such an extent that sex-specific scoring procedures would be necessary. However, given the limitations inherent in mostly clinically-ascertained samples, future research must address questions about systematic sex differences among children or adults who do not receive clinical diagnoses of ASD. Moreover, while the current study helps resolve questions about widely used diagnostic instruments, we could not address sex differences in phenotypic aspects outside of these scores.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.490
发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
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