Migration, settlement change and health in post-apartheid South Africa: triangulating health and demographic surveillance with national census data.
Migration, settlement change and health in post-apartheid South Africa: triangulating health and demographic surveillance with national census data.
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DOI：
10.1080/14034950701356401
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发表时间：
2007-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kahn K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Collinson MA;Tollman SM;Kahn K
世界人口增长将越来越集中在发展中世界的城市地区;然而，一些学者告诫不要过分简单化非洲城市化，指出可能存在“逆城市化”现象，并普遍存在农村-城市循环移徙的模式。该文件的目的是审查南非在种族隔离后时期正在进行的城市转型，并考虑目前的移徙模式对健康和社会政策的影响。分析了两个数据集，即2001年南非全国人口普查和阿金库尔卫生和人口监测系统。根据国家数据建立了一个定居点类型过渡矩阵，以显示定居模式在五年期间的变化情况。利用分区数据，说明了永久和临时移徙的特点，提供了按年龄和性别分列的移徙率，并显示了来源地和目的地的分布情况。对国家和分区数据的比较突出了以下特点：城市人口增长，特别是大都市地区的人口增长，这是长期和临时移徙造成的;临时和循环移徙的普遍模式，以及这种移徙形式中不断变化的性别平衡;逐步城市化;以及从城市返回农村地区的移徙。政策问题包括：劳动力移徙加剧了农村贫困;艾滋病毒传播的爆炸性条件;返回农村地区的劳动力移徙者死亡;以及返回农村地区疗养的慢性病移徙者对卫生信息造成的挑战。最后，就如何解决移徙、住区变化和保健等领域决策所需的相关人口信息缺乏问题提出了建议。
World population growth will be increasingly concentrated in the urban areas of the developing world; however, some scholars caution against the oversimplification of African urbanization noting that there may be “counter-urbanization” and a prevailing pattern of circular rural–urban migration. The aim of the paper is to examine the ongoing urban transition in South Africa in the post-apartheid period, and to consider the health and social policy implications of prevailing migration patterns. Two data sets were analysed, namely the South African national census of 2001 and the Agincourt health and demographic surveillance system. A settlement-type transition matrix was constructed on the national data to show how patterns of settlement have changed in a five-year period. Using the sub-district data, permanent and temporary migration was characterized, providing migration rates by age and sex, and showing the distribution of origins and destinations. The comparison of national and sub-district data highlight the following features: urban population growth, particularly in metropolitan areas, resulting from permanent and temporary migration; prevailing patterns of temporary, circular migration, and a changing gender balance in this form of migration; stepwise urbanization; and return migration from urban to rural areas. Policy concerns include: rural poverty exacerbated by labour migration; explosive conditions for the transmission of HIV; labour migrants returning to die in rural areas; and the challenges for health information created by chronically ill migrants returning to rural areas to convalesce. Lastly, suggestions are made on how to address the dearth of relevant population information for policy-making in the fields of migration, settlement change and health.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Montgomery, MR;Hewett, PC
通讯作者：
Hewett, PC
影响因子：
3
作者：
POTTS, D
通讯作者：
POTTS, D
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Simon, D;McGregor, D;Nsiah-Gyabaah, K
通讯作者：
Nsiah-Gyabaah, K
DOI：
10.1080/14034950701355619
发表时间：
2007-08
期刊：
Scandinavian journal of public health. Supplement
影响因子：
--
作者：
Clark SJ;Collinson MA;Kahn K;Drullinger K;Tollman SM
通讯作者：
Tollman SM
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8306.1996.tb01752.x
发表时间：
1996-06-01
期刊：
ANNALS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN GEOGRAPHERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Saff, G
通讯作者：
Saff, G