Climate Policy and Wealth Distribution

Climate Policy and Wealth Distribution
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气候政策与财富分配

DOI:
10.1007/s10666-021-09809-y
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Dao Nguyen Thang
Dao Nguyen Thang
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
天畠華織;竹内憲司;大越裕史;Dao Nguyen Thang

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我们建立了一个具有代际遗赠转移和气候损害对异质家庭财富影响的模型。我们表明,在信贷市场不完善的情况下,根据家庭之间的财富分配,平衡的预算气候政策可能会扩大贫富之间的财富不平等差距。气候政策可能会对家庭财富产生积极影响,但这些影响在家庭之间是不对称的,无论是在规模上还是在家庭内部气候政策收益的传导上。由于教育投资的边际收益较高,穷人从气候政策中获得的收益主要转化为提高生活水平和人力资本投资。相比之下,富裕国家从气候政策中获得的收益被偏颇地转化为物质资本积累,从而增强了他们在中间投入生产中的垄断地位。我们表明,对于任何气候政策,都存在一个相应的总物质资本阈值。当经济的总物质资本超过这一阈值时,相应的气候政策可能会扩大异质家庭之间的代际遗赠转移,从而加剧贫富之间的财富不平等差距。
We set up a model with intergenerational bequest transfers and climate damage on the wealth of heterogeneous households. We show that, under credit market imperfections and depending on wealth distribution across households, a balanced budget climate policy may widen the wealth inequality gap between the rich and poor. Climate policy may create positive effects on the wealth of households, but these effects are asymmetric across households in terms of both magnitude and the transmission of gains from a climate policy within households. The gains of the poor from a climate policy are mainly transmitted into improving living standards and the investment in human capital due to the higher marginal return to education investment. By contrast, the gains of the rich from a climate policy are transmitted biasedly into physical capital accumulation and thereby enhance their monopolistic position in the production of intermediate inputs. We show that, for any climate policy, there exists a corresponding threshold of aggregate physical capital. When the aggregate physical capital of the economy exceeds this threshold, the corresponding climate policy may widen the intergenerational bequest transfers among heterogeneous households, thereby contributing to widening the wealth inequality gap between the rich and poor.
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