Role of the mu-opioid receptor in opioid modulation of immune function.

Role of the mu-opioid receptor in opioid modulation of immune function.
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MU-阿片受体在免疫功能的阿片类药物调节中的作用。

DOI:
10.1007/s00726-011-1163-0
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发表时间:
2013-07
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Roy S
Roy S
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ninković J;Roy S

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内源性阿片样物质在体内合成,以调节疼痛机制和炎症途径。内源性和外源性阿片类物质通过与神经元细胞上的阿片受体结合来介导对疼痛刺激的镇痛反应。然而,阿片样物质受体在CNS外的组织和器官系统(如免疫系统细胞)上的广泛分布表明阿片样物质能够在外周发挥额外的作用,如免疫调节。基于流行病学研究的类阿片滥用者感染流行率增加进一步突出了类阿片的免疫抑制作用。尽管处方阿片类药物有许多使人衰弱的副作用,但它们仍然是治疗慢性疼痛的金标准。因此,鉴于阿片类药物使用和滥用的普遍性,阿片类药物介导的免疫抑制在当今社会引起了严重关注。了解外源性阿片类药物调节免疫过程的机制至关重要。本文就阿片受体及其配体在介导免疫抑制功能中的作用进行综述。我们将总结最近关于免疫系统细胞的直接和间接阿片调节以及阿片类药物在某些疾病状态恶化中的作用的研究。
Endogenous opioids are synthesized in vivo in order to modulate pain mechanisms and inflammatory pathways. Endogenous and exogenous opioids mediate analgesia in response to painful stimuli by binding to opioid receptors on neuronal cells. However, wide distribution of opioid receptors on tissues and organ systems outside the CNS, such as the cells of the immune system, indicate that opioids are capable of exerting additional effects in the periphery, such as immunomodulation. The increased prevalence of infections in opioid abusers based epidemiological studies further highlights the immunosuppressive effects of opioids. In spite of their many debilitating side effects, prescription opioids remain a gold standard for treatment of chronic pain. Therefore, given the prevalence of opioid use and abuse, opioid mediated immune suppression presents a serious concern in our society today. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms by which exogenous opioids modulate immune processes. In this review we will discuss the role of opioid receptors and their ligands in mediating immune suppressive functions. We will summarize recent studies on direct and indirect opioid modulation of the cells of the immune system as well as the role of opioids in exacerbation of certain disease states.
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