Prenatal exposure to maternal infection and executive dysfunction in adult schizophrenia.
Prenatal exposure to maternal infection and executive dysfunction in adult schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08010089
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发表时间：
2009-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schaefer CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown AS;Vinogradov S;Kremen WS;Poole JH;Deicken RF;Penner JD;McKeague IW;Kochetkova A;Kern D;Schaefer CA
执行功能障碍是精神分裂症最突出和功能重要的认知缺陷之一。虽然强关联已被确定之间的执行障碍和结构和功能的前额叶皮质缺损，病因学因素，有助于破坏这一重要的认知领域仍然不清楚。越来越多的证据表明，精神分裂症有神经发育的病因，和几个产前感染已与这种疾病的风险。然而，到目前为止，还没有以前的研究检查子宫内感染是否与精神分裂症患者的执行功能障碍有关。在本研究中，我们评估了血清学记录的产前暴露于流感和弓形虫病与威斯康星州卡片分类测验（WCST）和连线测验，部分B（Trails B）的表现之间的关系，以及执行功能的其他措施，在26例精神分裂症患者中，从一个大型和良好的特征出生队列。在子宫内暴露于感染的病例在WCST上犯的总错误显著多于未暴露的病例，完成试验B所需的时间显著多于未暴露的病例。暴露的情况下，也表现出赤字的图形流畅性，字母-数字序列，和向后数字跨度。以前与精神分裂症相关的产前感染与WCST和Trails B的表现受损有关。结果的模式表明，认知定势转换能力可能特别容易受到这种妊娠期暴露。进一步的工作是必要的，以阐明产前感染的特异性，这些执行功能的措施，并检查相关的神经解剖和神经生理异常。
Executive dysfunction is one of the most prominent and functionally important cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Although strong associations have been identified between executive impairments and structural and functional prefrontal cortical deficits, the etiological factors that contribute to disruption of this important cognitive domain remain unclear. Increasing evidence suggests that schizophrenia has a neurodevelopmental etiology, and several prenatal infections have been associated with risk of this disorder. To date, however, no previous study has examined whether in utero infection is associated with executive dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia. In the present study, we assessed the relationship between serologically documented prenatal exposure to influenza and toxoplasmosis and performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Trail Making Test, part B (Trails B), as well as other measures of executive function, in 26 patients with schizophrenia from a large and well-characterized birth cohort. Cases who were exposed in utero to infection committed significantly more total errors on the WCST and took significantly more time to complete the Trails B than unexposed cases. Exposed cases also exhibited deficits on figural fluency, letter-number sequencing, and backward digit span. Prenatal infections previously associated with schizophrenia are related to impaired performance on the WCST and Trails B. The pattern of results suggests that cognitive set-shifting ability may be particularly vulnerable to this gestational exposure. Further work is necessary to elucidate the specificity of prenatal infection to these executive function measures and examine correlates with neuroanatomic and neurophysiologic anomalies.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.111134598
发表时间：
2001-06-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Egan, MF;Goldberg, TE;Weinberger, DR
通讯作者：
Weinberger, DR
DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1994.tb01746.x
发表时间：
1994-03-01
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
GRAVENSTEIN, S;DRINKA, P;ERSHLER, WB
通讯作者：
ERSHLER, WB
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Susser, ES;Schaefer, CA;Wyatt, RJ
通讯作者：
Wyatt, RJ
影响因子：
--
作者：
GOLDBERG, TE;BERMAN, KF;WEINBERGER, DR
通讯作者：
WEINBERGER, DR
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Rusch, Nicolas;Spoletini, Ilaria;Spalletta, Gianfranco
通讯作者：
Spalletta, Gianfranco