Control of the pharyngeal musculature during wakefulness and sleep: implications in normal controls and sleep apnea.
Control of the pharyngeal musculature during wakefulness and sleep: implications in normal controls and sleep apnea.
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DOI：
10.1002/hed.21841
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发表时间：
2011-10
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
White, David P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards, Bradley A.;White, David P.
呼吸涉及多个泵肌和上呼吸道/咽肌的复杂协调。从呼吸的角度来看，咽肌的主要功能是保持气道通畅，允许气流进出肺部，而呼吸泵肌的工作最少。每个咽肌的活动因其功能而异，但许多咽肌在睡眠时活动减少。在健康的个体中，这些肌肉可以在睡眠时对呼吸刺激作出反应，以防止气道塌陷。然而，在解剖学上气道较小的个体中，肌肉不能总是补偿增加的机械负荷。因此，随着阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的发展，气道易发生塌陷。本文描述了目前对清醒和睡眠期间咽肌组织控制的理解，以及对OSA的影响。
Respiration involves the complex coordination of several pump and upper airway/pharyngeal muscles. From a respiratory perspective, the major function of the pharyngeal muscles is to keep the airway patent allowing for airflow in and out of the lung with minimal work by the respiratory pump muscles. The activity of each of the pharyngeal muscles varies depending on its function, but many reduce their activity during sleep. In healthy individuals, these muscles can respond to respiratory stimuli during sleep in order to prevent airway collapse. However, in individuals with an anatomically small airway, the muscles cannot always compensate for the increased mechanical load. Thus, a vulnerable situation in which the airway is prone to collapse may occur with the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The present article describes the current understanding regarding the control of the pharyngeal musculature during wakefulness and sleep, as well as the implications for OSA.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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