Household and animal factors associated with sheeppox and goatpox sero-prevalence and identification of high-risk areas in selected States of northern Nigeria.
Household and animal factors associated with sheeppox and goatpox sero-prevalence and identification of high-risk areas in selected States of northern Nigeria.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105473
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Limon G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adedeji AJ;Ijoma SI;Atai RB;Dogonyaro BB;Adole JA;Maurice NA;Osemeke OH;Waziri IA;Atuman YJ;Lyons NA;Stevens KB;Beard PM;Limon G
绵羊痘和山羊痘（SGP）是影响绵羊和山羊的具有特征性临床体征的跨界高度传染性疾病。小额赠款影响到非洲、亚洲和中东的小型反刍动物种群，因此威胁到农民的生计。尽管其重要性，研究增加羊痘病毒（SPPV）和山羊痘病毒（GTPV）暴露和感染的风险的因素是有限的。在北方尼日利亚的三个州（包奇、卡杜纳和高原）进行了一项横断面研究，以确定SGP的血清流行率和空间模式，并确定动物和家庭SPPV/GTPV暴露的危险因素。从300个家庭的1，800只小反刍动物中采集血清样品。使用标准化问卷收集关于假定风险因素的数据。29只小反刍动物对SGP呈血清阳性-表观加权血清流行率为2.0%; 95 % C.I. 1.1-.3.0%。血清阳性动物来自19个家庭（6.3%）。对调查问卷的分析表明，五分之一（20.3%）的农民声称以前在其羊群中经历过SGP疫情，本研究中抽样的33只（1.8%）动物报告有临床体征。在动物水平上，血清阳性的几率在年龄较大的动物（> 24个月; OR = 8.0，p = 0.008 vs ≤24个月）和有临床SGP病史的小型反刍动物（OR = 16.9，p = 0.01）中较高。将新的小反刍动物带入家庭和在羊群中有SGP的历史是在家庭水平上确定的主要因素。如果将动物带入家庭和采样之间的时间超过一年（PR = 0.31，p = 0.05），则家庭不太可能是血清阳性，而有SGP病史的家庭更可能是血清阳性，无论时间范围如何。发现了重要的空间异质性。贝叶斯平滑率在地方政府区域（LGA）的范围从0.06%到4.10%，LGA在研究区域的东北部或西北部被确定为SGP暴露的热点。这项研究的结果为了解SGP流行病学提供了新的思路，并为该地区设计基于风险的监测和干预方案提供了关键投入。
Sheeppox and goatpox (SGP) are transboundary, highly contagious diseases affecting sheep and goats with characteristic clinical signs. SGP affect populations of small ruminants in Africa, Asia and the Middle East and, as a result, threaten farmers’ livelihoods. Despite their importance, studies looking at factors that increase the risk of sheeppox-virus (SPPV) and goatpox-virus (GTPV) exposure and infection are limited. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three states of Northern Nigeria (Bauchi, Kaduna and Plateau) to determine the sero-prevalence and spatial patterns of SGP, and identify risk factors for SPPV/GTPV exposure at animal and household level. Sera samples were collected from 1,800 small ruminants from 300 households. Data on putative risk factors were collected using a standardised questionnaire. Twenty-nine small ruminants were sero-positive to SGP - apparent weighted sero-prevalence 2.0 %; 95 % C.I. 1.1–.3.0 %. Sero-positive animals came from 19 (6.3 %) households. Analysis of the questionnaire showed that a fifth (20.3 %) of farmers claimed to have experienced SGP outbreaks previously in their flocks, with 33 (1.8 %) of the individual animals sampled in this study reported to have had clinical signs. At animal level, the odds of being sero-positive were higher in older animals (>24months; OR = 8.0, p = 0.008 vs ≤24 months) and small ruminants with a history of clinical SGP (OR = 16.9, p = 0.01). Bringing new small ruminants into the household and having a history of SGP in the flock were the main factors identified at household level. Households were less likely to be sero-positive if the time between bringing animals into the household and sampling was over a year (PR = 0.31, p = 0.05), while households with a history of SGP were more likely to be sero-positive regardless of the timeframe. Important spatial heterogeneity was found. The Bayes smooth rate ranged from 0.06 to 4.10 % across local government areas (LGA), with LGA in the north-east or north-west of the study area identified as hot-spots for SGP exposure. Results from this study shed new light on the understanding of SGP epidemiology and provide key inputs to design risk-based surveillance and intervention programmes in the area.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Adedeji, Adeyinka Jeremy;Moeller, Janika;Hoffmann, Bernd
通讯作者：
Hoffmann, Bernd
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Tuppurainen ESM;Venter EH;Shisler JL;Gari G;Mekonnen GA;Juleff N;Lyons NA;De Clercq K;Upton C;Bowden TR;Babiuk S;Babiuk LA
通讯作者：
Babiuk LA
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Kardjadj, Moustafa
通讯作者：
Kardjadj, Moustafa
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Bolajoko, M. B.;Adedeji, A. J.;Luka, P. D.
通讯作者：
Luka, P. D.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Boshra, Hani;Thang Truong;Babiuk, Shawn
通讯作者：
Babiuk, Shawn