Complexity of neural mechanisms underlying overconsumption of sugar in scheduled feeding: involvement of opioids, orexin, oxytocin and NPY.
Complexity of neural mechanisms underlying overconsumption of sugar in scheduled feeding: involvement of opioids, orexin, oxytocin and NPY.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.peptides.2008.10.011
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发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Levine, Allen S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olszewski, Pawel K.;Shaw, Tirnothy J.;Grace, Martha K.;Hoglund, Catherine E.;Fredriksson, Robert;Schioth, Helgi B.;Levine, Allen S.
有规律的日常饮食方案，而不是随意消费，强制在预定的时间和短时间内进食。因此，在一定程度上反映这种模式的动物饲养模型中研究食物摄入调节是很重要的。我们研究了定时进食对大鼠摄入美味高糖食物的影响，并试图确定在这种情况下过量食用甜食的主要机制，特别是与阿片信号有关的机制。我们发现，与标准饮食相比，定期进食，即使是每天20分钟的挑战，也不能防止高糖饮食的过度消耗。阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮（0.3-1 mg/kg b. wt.）可以减少甜食的摄入量，而需要更高剂量来减少清淡食物的摄入。实时荧光定量PCR分析显示，与常规饮食喂养的大鼠相比，蔗糖喂养的大鼠下丘脑和脑干编码阿片肽和受体的基因表达没有差异，这表明定时摄入甜食只会导致阿片音调的短暂变化。糖的摄入也与下丘脑中食欲素和催产素基因以及脑干中NPY基因的上调有关。我们得出的结论是，糖饮食的定期消耗与涉及阿片类药物、食欲素、催产素和NPY的复杂神经调节网络的活动有关。
A regular daily meal regimen, as opposed to ad libitum consumption, enforces eating at a predefined time and within a short timeframe. Hence, it is important to study food intake regulation in animal feeding models that somewhat reflect this pattern. We investigated the effect of scheduled feeding on the intake of a palatable, high-sugar diet in rats and attempted to define central mechanisms – especially those related to opioid signaling - responsible for overeating sweet foods under such conditions. We found that scheduled access to food, even as challenging as 20 min per day, does not prevent overconsumption of a high-sucrose diet compared to a standard one. An opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, at 0.3-1 mg/kg b. wt., decreased the intake of the sweet diet, whereas higher doses were required to reduce bland food consumption. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that expression of hypothalamic and brainstem genes encoding opioid peptides and receptors did not differ in sucrose versus regular diet-fed rats, which suggests that scheduled intake of sweet food produces only a transient change in the opioid tone. Intake of sugar was also associated with upregulation of orexin and oxytocin genes in the hypothalamus and NPY in the brainstem. We conclude that scheduled consumption of sugar diets is associated with activity of a complex network of neuroregulators involving opioids, orexin, oxytocin and NPY.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.5.r1605
发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Glass, MJ;Grace, MK;Levine, AS
通讯作者：
Levine, AS
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1996.271.1.r217
发表时间：
1996-07-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Glass, MJ;Grace, M;Levine, AS
通讯作者：
Levine, AS
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Olszewski, Pawel K.;Bomberg, Eric M.;Levine, Allen S.
通讯作者：
Levine, Allen S.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Li, AJ;Ritter, S
通讯作者：
Ritter, S
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Mendoza, J;Angeles-Castellanos, M;Escobar, C
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Escobar, C