Appraising research policy instrument mixes: a multicriteria mapping study in six European countries of diagnostic innovation to manage antimicrobial resistance.
Appraising research policy instrument mixes: a multicriteria mapping study in six European countries of diagnostic innovation to manage antimicrobial resistance.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.respol.2020.104140
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Llewelyn MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coburn J;Bone F;Hopkins MM;Stirling A;Mestre-Ferrandiz J;Arapostathis S;Llewelyn MJ
提供了以下贡献：进行系统的前瞻性评估的政策选择领域内的研究政策，使用多准则映射（MCM）的一般过程。新的方法，系统地分析MCM数据，使用成对比较和优序，提高了MCM方法的实用性。来自6个欧洲国家的47名专家对抗菌素耐药性（AMR）政策选择的评估的定量结果（使用MCM得出），提供了7个利益相关者的观点，并确定了最受欢迎和最不受欢迎的政策选择。定性研究结果（使用MCM得出）解决不同的推理模式，为什么对比的政策选择可能会在不同的环境中，从不同的角度表现良好或较差。定性研究结果（使用MCM得出）支持政策设计框架，可能对AMR的研究政策有用。关于被访谈者认为最具互补性的特定选项的定量调查结果（不使用MCM得出），并得到定性说明和资格的支持。本文对旨在刺激创新以对抗抗菌素耐药性（AMR）的关键政策工具进行了前瞻性评估。AMR是指微生物对旨在杀死它们的治疗产生耐药性的能力，与抗生素等药物的过度使用或滥用有关。AMR是一个新兴的全球性挑战，对医疗保健和整个社会都有重大影响。传染病的诊断测试可以指导处方药物的决策，从而减少不适当的药物使用。在国际社会对刺激AMR诊断创新的政策越来越感兴趣的背景下，本研究使用多准则映射（MCM）评估一系列政策工具，以了解其潜在的性能，同时也强调了利益相关者对复杂背景下此类干预措施的不确定性。本文的一个贡献是展示了一种新的方法来分析和可视化MCM数据，揭示利益攸关方对特定选项的倾向，同时探讨受访者对每项工具的设计或实施效果的不确定性。该文章报告了6个欧洲国家（德国、希腊、意大利、荷兰、西班牙和英国）的结果。调查结果揭示了哪些政策工具被认为最有可能表现良好，以及为什么，在不同的利益攸关方群体和国家背景下，确定了共同点和差异。重要的是，这里提出的结论与主要的政策论述不同，对设计对抗AMR的政策工具组合具有国际影响。对创新政策工具组合的一般评估也产生了战略和实际方法上的影响。评价研究政策工具的组合：在欧洲六国进行诊断创新以管理抗菌素耐药性的多标准绘图研究
The following contributions are provided: A general process for conducting systematic prospective appraisal of policy options within the field of research policy, using multicriteria mapping (MCM). Novel methods for systematically analysing MCM data using pairwise comparison and merit orders which improve the utility of the MCM method. Quantitative findings (derived using MCM) on the appraisal of policy options for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by 47 experts from six European countries, providing seven stakeholder perspectives, and identifying most and least favoured policy options. Qualitative findings (derived using MCM) addressing different modes of reasoning as to why contrasting policy options may be expected to perform well or poorly in different settings and from different perspectives. Qualitative findings (derived using MCM) underpinning a framework for policy design that may be useful for research policy around AMR. Quantitative findings (derived not using MCM) concerning those particular options that interviewees identified as most complementary to each other, supported by qualitative illustrations and qualifications. This article provides prospective appraisal of key policy instruments intended to stimulate innovation to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR refers to the ability of microbes to evolve resistance to those treatments designed to kill them, and is associated with the overuse or misuse of medicines such as antibiotics. AMR is an emerging global challenge with major implications for healthcare and society as a whole. Diagnostic tests for infectious diseases can guide decision making when prescribing medicines, so reducing inappropriate drug use. In the context of growing international interest in policies to stimulate innovation in AMR diagnostics, this study uses multicriteria mapping (MCM) to appraise a range of policy instruments in order to understand their potential performance while also highlighting the uncertainties that stakeholders hold about such interventions in complex contexts. A contribution of the article is the demonstration of a novel method to analyse and visualise MCM data in order to reveal stakeholder inclinations towards particular options while exploring interviewees’ uncertainties about the effectiveness of each instrument's design or implementation. The article reports results from six European countries (Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and the UK). The findings reveal which policy instruments are deemed most likely to perform well, and why, across stakeholder groups and national settings, with areas of common ground and difference being identified. Importantly, the conclusions presented here differ from prominent policy discourse, with international implications for the design of mixes of policy instruments to combat AMR. Strategic and practical methodological implications also emerge for general appraisal of innovation policy instrument mixes. Appraising research policy instrument mixes: a multicriteria mapping study in six European countries of diagnostic innovation to manage antimicrobial resistance
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DOI：
10.1016/j.techfore.2013.03.002
发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
12
作者：
Borras, Susana;Edquist, Charles
通讯作者：
Edquist, Charles
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Burgess, Jacquelin;Stirling, Andy;Williamson, Suzanne
通讯作者：
Williamson, Suzanne
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bell BG;Schellevis F;Stobberingh E;Goossens H;Pringle M
通讯作者：
Pringle M
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Borras, Susana;Laatsit, Mart
通讯作者：
Laatsit, Mart
影响因子：
25.7
作者：
Collignon, Peter;Beggs, John J.;Laxminarayan, Ramanan
通讯作者：
Laxminarayan, Ramanan