A subcomplex of human mitochondrial RNase P is a bifunctional methyltransferase--extensive moonlighting in mitochondrial tRNA biogenesis.

A subcomplex of human mitochondrial RNase P is a bifunctional methyltransferase--extensive moonlighting in mitochondrial tRNA biogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gks910
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发表时间:
2012-12
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Rossmanith W
Rossmanith W
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vilardo E;Nachbagauer C;Buzet A;Taschner A;Holzmann J;Rossmanith W

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转运RNA(Transfer RNAs,tRNA)经过几个加工和修饰步骤,达到其成熟的功能形式。一些核苷酸修饰影响tRNA的正确折叠,并且它们在非规范结构的动物线粒体tRNA的情况下是至关重要的,如在位置9处的嘌呤的明显普遍存在的甲基化所例示的。在这里,我们表明,人类线粒体RNase P的一个亚复合物,去除tRNA 5′端延伸的内切酶,是负责m1G9和m1A9形成的甲基转移酶。线粒体tRNA:m1R9甲基转移酶修饰两个嘌呤的能力在核酸修饰酶中是不常见的。与所有相关的甲基转移酶相反,人类线粒体酶需要短链脱氢酶作为伴侣蛋白。因此,人线粒体RNase P构成了一个多功能复合物,其亚基在级联中发挥作用:在tRNA甲基化中的脂肪和氨基酸降解酶和甲基转移酶,反过来,在tRNA 5′端加工中。
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) reach their mature functional form through several steps of processing and modification. Some nucleotide modifications affect the proper folding of tRNAs, and they are crucial in case of the non-canonically structured animal mitochondrial tRNAs, as exemplified by the apparently ubiquitous methylation of purines at position 9. Here, we show that a subcomplex of human mitochondrial RNase P, the endonuclease removing tRNA 5′ extensions, is the methyltransferase responsible for m1G9 and m1A9 formation. The ability of the mitochondrial tRNA:m1R9 methyltransferase to modify both purines is uncommon among nucleic acid modification enzymes. In contrast to all the related methyltransferases, the human mitochondrial enzyme, moreover, requires a short-chain dehydrogenase as a partner protein. Human mitochondrial RNase P, thus, constitutes a multifunctional complex, whose subunits moonlight in cascade: a fatty and amino acid degradation enzyme in tRNA methylation and the methyltransferase, in turn, in tRNA 5′ end processing.
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