Social hierarchies and the allocation of development aid: Evidence from the 2015 earthquake in Nepal

Social hierarchies and the allocation of development aid: Evidence from the 2015 earthquake in Nepal
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社会等级与发展援助的分配:来自 2015 年尼泊尔地震的证据

DOI:
10.1016/j.jpubeco.2022.104607
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Matthias Schündeln
Matthias Schündeln
中科院分区:
经济学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pathak;Prakash;Matthias Schündeln

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我们研究的作用,歧视和群体内的偏见在分配公共资金的社区为基础的委员会。具体而言,我们调查了种姓等级制度对2015年尼泊尔地震后给予家庭的紧急援助金额的影响。当地委员会在地震发生后立即分配了援助,官方的援助金额是房屋损坏程度的函数。在这种情况下,我们利用丰富的数据,房屋特征和房屋损坏,并利用地震强度的外源性变化,以确定歧视和组内偏袒。我们首先提供的证据,这些委员会基于种姓的歧视:上层种姓家庭比低种姓家庭获得更多的援助。第二,我们发现在群体偏袒上层种姓家庭:上层种姓家庭收到更多的援助,如果个人从自己的(上)种姓参与分配援助。相比之下,低种姓家庭没有受益于他们自己的(低)种姓代表在援助分配委员会的存在。研究结果突出了社会等级制度在研究偏袒方面的重要性,并有助于更好地了解社会结构,以实施发展政策。
We study the role of discrimination and in-group biases in the allocation of public funds by community-based committees. Specifically, we investigate the effect of caste hierarchies on the amount of emergency aid given to households after the 2015 earthquake in Nepal. Local committees allocated aid immediately after the earthquake, and –officially– the amount of aid was a function of the magnitude of the housing damage. To identify discrimination and in-group favoritism in this context, we utilize rich data on house characteristics and housing damage and exploit exogenous variation in earthquake intensity. We first provide evidence for caste-based discrimination by these committees: Upper caste households received more aid than lower caste households. Second, we find in-group favoritism among upper caste households: Upper caste households received more aid if individuals from their own (upper) caste were involved in the allocation of aid. In contrast, lower caste households did not benefit from the presence of their own (lower) caste representatives in aid allocation committees. The results highlight the importance of social hierarchies in the study of favoritism and contribute to a better understanding of social structure for the implementation of development policy.
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