Neurotransmitter Switching? No Surprise.

Neurotransmitter Switching? No Surprise.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2015.05.028
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发表时间:
2015-06-03
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Spitzer NC
Spitzer NC
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Spitzer NC

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在大脑可塑性的诸多形式中,突触强度的变化和突触数量的变化尤为突出。然而,在发育中的神经系统和成人大脑中,神经递质重新指定或转换的证据一直在稳步积累,观察到递质的增加,丢失或一种递质被另一种递质取代。自然刺激可以驱动递质身份的这些变化,并与突触后递质受体的变化相匹配。引人注目的是,它们经常将突触从兴奋性转换为抑制性,反之亦然,为研究中的行为变化提供了基础。在确定引起递质转换的因素和理解实现转换的分子机制方面取得了进展。有许多有趣的问题需要解决。
Among the many forms of brain plasticity, changes in synaptic strength and changes in synapse number are particularly prominent. However, evidence for neurotransmitter respecification or switching has been accumulating steadily, both in the developing nervous system and in the adult brain, with observations of transmitter addition, loss, or replacement of one transmitter with another. Natural stimuli can drive these changes in transmitter identity, with matching changes in postsynaptic transmitter receptors. Strikingly, they often convert the synapse from excitatory to inhibitory or vice versa, providing a basis for changes in behavior in those cases in which it has been examined. Progress has been made in identifying the factors that induce transmitter switching and in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which it is achieved. There are many intriguing questions to be addressed.
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