Macronuclear genome sequence of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, a model eukaryote.
Macronuclear genome sequence of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, a model eukaryote.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.0040286
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发表时间：
2006-09
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Orias E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisen JA;Coyne RS;Wu M;Wu D;Thiagarajan M;Wortman JR;Badger JH;Ren Q;Amedeo P;Jones KM;Tallon LJ;Delcher AL;Salzberg SL;Silva JC;Haas BJ;Majoros WH;Farzad M;Carlton JM;Smith RK Jr;Garg J;Pearlman RE;Karrer KM;Sun L;Manning G;Elde NC;Turkewitz AP;Asai DJ;Wilkes DE;Wang Y;Cai H;Collins K;Stewart BA;Lee SR;Wilamowska K;Weinberg Z;Ruzzo WL;Wloga D;Gaertig J;Frankel J;Tsao CC;Gorovsky MA;Keeling PJ;Waller RF;Patron NJ;Cherry JM;Stover NA;Krieger CJ;del Toro C;Ryder HF;Williamson SC;Barbeau RA;Hamilton EP;Orias E
嗜热四膜虫是分子和细胞生物学的模式生物。像其他纤毛虫一样，该物种具有独立的生殖细胞和索马功能，这些功能由单个细胞内不同的细胞核体现。种系样微核（MIC）的基因组为有性生殖保留。体细胞样大核（MAC），它具有从MIC的基因组加工的基因组，是基因表达的中心，并不直接贡献DNA有性后代。我们在这里报告的鸟枪测序，组装和分析的MAC基因组的T。嗜热菌，其长度约为104 Mb，由约225条染色体组成。总的来说，基因集是强大的，有超过27，000个预测的蛋白质编码基因，其中15，000个与其他生物的基因有很强的匹配。由这些基因编码的功能多样性是实质性的，反映了一个自由生活的，掠夺性的，单细胞生物体所需的过程的复杂性。这一点通过基因的谱系特异性重复的丰富性来强调，所述基因在感知和响应环境条件中具有预测的作用（例如，激酶），使用不同的资源（例如，蛋白酶和转运蛋白），并产生结构复杂性（例如，驱动蛋白和动力蛋白）。与其他谱系的肺泡（apicomplexans和腰鞭毛虫），没有令人信服的证据可以发现基因组中的质体衍生基因。UGA，唯一的T。嗜热菌终止密码子，在一些基因中用于编码硒代半胱氨酸，从而使这种生物体成为第一个已知的具有将核基因中的所有64个密码子翻译成氨基酸的潜力的生物体。我们目前的基因组证据支持这一假设，即从MIC中切除DNA以产生MAC特异性靶向外源DNA作为基因组自我防御的一种形式。基因组序列的组合，其中编码的功能多样性，以及其他模式生物缺失的一些途径的存在，使T。嗜热菌是功能基因组研究的理想模型，以解决具有根本重要性的生物学，生物医学和生物技术问题。对嗜热四膜虫大核基因组进行了测序和分析。这种单细胞纤毛虫的某些特征通常只在多细胞生物中观察到，它们的保守性揭示了早期真核生物的进化。
The ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila is a model organism for molecular and cellular biology. Like other ciliates, this species has separate germline and soma functions that are embodied by distinct nuclei within a single cell. The germline-like micronucleus (MIC) has its genome held in reserve for sexual reproduction. The soma-like macronucleus (MAC), which possesses a genome processed from that of the MIC, is the center of gene expression and does not directly contribute DNA to sexual progeny. We report here the shotgun sequencing, assembly, and analysis of the MAC genome of T. thermophila, which is approximately 104 Mb in length and composed of approximately 225 chromosomes. Overall, the gene set is robust, with more than 27,000 predicted protein-coding genes, 15,000 of which have strong matches to genes in other organisms. The functional diversity encoded by these genes is substantial and reflects the complexity of processes required for a free-living, predatory, single-celled organism. This is highlighted by the abundance of lineage-specific duplications of genes with predicted roles in sensing and responding to environmental conditions (e.g., kinases), using diverse resources (e.g., proteases and transporters), and generating structural complexity (e.g., kinesins and dyneins). In contrast to the other lineages of alveolates (apicomplexans and dinoflagellates), no compelling evidence could be found for plastid-derived genes in the genome. UGA, the only T. thermophila stop codon, is used in some genes to encode selenocysteine, thus making this organism the first known with the potential to translate all 64 codons in nuclear genes into amino acids. We present genomic evidence supporting the hypothesis that the excision of DNA from the MIC to generate the MAC specifically targets foreign DNA as a form of genome self-defense. The combination of the genome sequence, the functional diversity encoded therein, and the presence of some pathways missing from other model organisms makes T. thermophila an ideal model for functional genomic studies to address biological, biomedical, and biotechnological questions of fundamental importance. The macronuclear genome ofTetrahymena thermophila is sequenced and analyzed. Conservation in this single-celled ciliate of some features normally observed in only multicellular organisms sheds light on early eukaryotic evolution.
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影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Ackers, JP;Dhir, V;Field, MC
通讯作者：
Field, MC
DOI：
10.1002/dvg.1020130206
发表时间：
1992-01-01
期刊：
DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS
影响因子：
--
作者：
DOERDER, FP;DEAK, JC;LIEF, JH
通讯作者：
LIEF, JH
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
ALTSCHULER, MI;YAO, MC
通讯作者：
YAO, MC
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Brunk, CF;Lee, LC;Li, JL
通讯作者：
Li, JL
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Abrahamsen, MS;Templeton, TJ;Kapur, V
通讯作者：
Kapur, V