Anxiety as a mediator of relationships between perceptions of the threat of COVID-19 and coping behaviors during the onset of the pandemic in Poland.
Anxiety as a mediator of relationships between perceptions of the threat of COVID-19 and coping behaviors during the onset of the pandemic in Poland.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0241464
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nezlek JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cypryańska M;Nezlek JB
在COVID-19大流行开始时（2020年3月10日至14日），我们在波兰对全国代表性样本（年龄、性别和地区）进行了一项调查（n = 1028）。受访者表示，他们认为这种威胁对他们自己、对波兰和对世界的威胁有多强。他们还描述了他们对大流行的情绪反应，我们用它来计算三个分数：焦虑，绝望和恐慌。受访者还表示，他们采取各种应对行为的频率以及他们对不同类型的经济牺牲的支持程度。我们使用这些响应来计算我们标记为传播预防的措施（例如，社会距离）、自我保护（食物储备）和经济牺牲（例如，不计代价抗击COVID-19）。多元回归分析发现，自我感知的威胁是最可靠的预测（积极）的情绪反应和应对行为，焦虑是最可靠的预测（积极）的传播预防和经济牺牲。恐慌预示着（积极的）自我保护。一系列的中介分析发现，焦虑介导的威胁和应对行为之间的关系，和恐慌介导的感知威胁和自我保护之间的关系。此外，我们发现，在波兰宣布首例COVID-19相关死亡病例后，所有指标的得分（恐慌除外）都有所增加，这发生在研究的第三天（中间）。我们发现的中介关系并没有因为数据是在宣布之前还是之后收集的而有所不同。目前的研究结果表明，情绪反应感知的威胁，可以通过提供的动机，从事应对行为的工具功能。这种机制补充了许多关于压力的研究，这些研究集中在应对如何调解威胁-情绪关系。
At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (10–14 March, 2020) we conducted a survey (n = 1028) of a nationally representative sample (age, sex, and locale) in Poland. Respondents indicated how strong they thought the threat was to themselves, to Poland, and the world. They also described their emotional reactions to the pandemic, which we used to calculate three scores: Anxiety, Hopelessness, and Panic. Respondents also indicated how often they engaged in various coping behaviors and how much they supported different types of economic sacrifice. We used these responses to calculate measures that we labelled as Spread Prevention (e.g., social distancing), Self-preservation (food stockpiling), and Economic Sacrifice (e.g., fighting COVID-19 regardless of the cost). Multiple regression analyses found that perceived threat to self was the most reliable predictor (positive) of emotional reactions and of coping behaviors, and that Anxiety was the most reliable predictor (positive) of Spread prevention and Economic sacrifice. Panic predicted (positively) Self-preservation. A series of mediation analyses found that Anxiety mediated relationships between threat and coping behaviors, and that Panic mediated the relationship between perceived threats and Self-preservation. In addition, we found that scores on all measures, except Panic, increased following the announcement of the first COVID-19 related fatality in Poland, which occurred on the third (middle) day of the study. The mediational relationships we found did not vary as a function of whether the data were collected before or after this announcement. The present results suggest that emotional reactions to perceived threats can serve an instrumental function by providing the motivation to engage in coping behaviors. Such a mechanism complements much research on stress that has focused on how coping mediates threat-emotion relationships.
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