Aerobic exercise is the critical variable in an enriched environment that increases hippocampal neurogenesis and water maze learning in male C57BL/6J mice.
Aerobic exercise is the critical variable in an enriched environment that increases hippocampal neurogenesis and water maze learning in male C57BL/6J mice.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.06.007
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发表时间：
2012-09-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Rhodes, J. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mustroph, M. L.;Chen, S.;Desai, S. C.;Cay, E. B.;Deyoung, E. K.;Rhodes, J. S.
先前的研究表明，用玩具和跑轮安置小鼠可以增加成年海马区的神经再生，并提高在水迷宫中的表现。然而，跑步和丰富运动对神经源性和促进认知的影响的相对贡献尚不清楚。最近的研究表明，缺乏跑轮的培养对雌性C57BL/6J小鼠的成年海马神经发生没有显著的促进作用。然而，新奇的玩具没有被轮流放进笼子里，食物的丰富也没有包括在内，所以可以说环境不够丰富。此外，只对女性进行了研究，动物被集体安置，这使得无法记录个人的跑步行为，也无法确定与探索玩具相比花费在跑步上的时间。因此，我们在单独饲养的雄性C57BL/6J小鼠中重复了这项研究，并通过将新颖的触觉、视觉、饮食、听觉和前庭刺激旋转到笼子中来增强丰富。将小鼠分成4组：单纯跑步组、单纯富集组、跑步加富集组和标准笼养组，每组饲养32天。前10天用溴脱氧尿苷(BrdU)标记分裂细胞。最后5天在水迷宫上进行测试，然后安乐死，测量齿状回神经核标记物共标记的BrdU细胞的数量。平均而言，仅跑步组的小鼠比跑步加强化训练组的小鼠跑得更远。与单独跑步相比，丰富和跑步相结合并没有显著增加海马神经发生。与标准笼子对照组相比，只有一组动物在水迷宫中表现出增强的获得性。我们确认并扩展了这一结论，即环境丰富本身并不能显著增加雄性C57BL/6J小鼠的海马神经发生或赋予空间学习益处，即使在丰富的方式非常广泛的情况下。
Previous studies have shown that housing mice with toys and running wheels increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis and enhances performance on the water maze. However, the relative contribution of running versus enrichment to the neurogenic and pro-cognitive effects is not clear. Recently, it was demonstrated that enrichment devoid of running wheels does not significantly enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis in female C57BL/6J mice. However, novel toys were not rotated into the cages, and dietary enrichment was not included, so it could be argued that the environment was not enriched enough. In addition, only females were studied, and animals were group-housed, making it impossible to record individual running behavior or to determine the time spent running versus exploring the toys. Therefore, we repeated the study in singly housed male C57BL/6J mice and enhanced enrichment by rotating novel tactile, visual, dietary, auditory, and vestibular stimuli into the cages. Mice were housed for 32 days in one of 4 groups: running-only, enrichment-only, running plus enrichment, and standard cage. The first 10 days BrdU (bromodeoxyuridine) was administered to label dividing cells. The last 5 days mice were tested on the water maze, and then euthanized to measure number of BrdU cells co-labeled with NeuN (neuronal nuclear marker) in the dentate gyrus. Mice in the running-only group ran, on average, greater distances than animals in the running plus enrichment group. The combination of enrichment and running did not significantly increase hippocampal neurogenesis any more than running alone did. Animals in the running-only condition were the only group to show enhanced acquisition on water maze relative to standard cage controls. We confirm and extend the conclusion that environmental enrichment alone does not significantly increase hippocampal neurogenesis or bestow spatial learning benefits in male C57BL/6J mice, even when the modalities of enrichment are very broad.
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影响因子：
15.1
作者：
Kohman, Rachel A.;DeYoung, Erin K.;Bhattacharya, Tushar K.;Peterson, Lindsey N.;Rhodes, Justin S.
通讯作者：
Rhodes, Justin S.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Kumar A;Rani A;Tchigranova O;Lee WH;Foster TC
通讯作者：
Foster TC
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Schapiro, SJ
通讯作者：
Schapiro, SJ
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Griesbach, GS;Hovda, DA;Gomez-Pinilla, F
通讯作者：
Gomez-Pinilla, F
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Schipper, Pieter;Kiliaan, Amanda J.;Homberg, Judith R.
通讯作者：
Homberg, Judith R.