Cytoplasmic volume modulates spindle size during embryogenesis.

Cytoplasmic volume modulates spindle size during embryogenesis.
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细胞质体积调节胚胎发生过程中的纺锤体大小。

DOI:
10.1126/science.1243147
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发表时间:
2013-11-15
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Heald R
Heald R
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Good MC;Vahey MD;Skandarajah A;Fletcher DA;Heald R

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在胚胎发生过程中快速和还原性的细胞分裂需要细胞内结构适应广泛的细胞大小。有丝分裂纺锤体是这种灵活性的一个核心例子,它随着细胞尺寸的变化而缩放,以介导准确的染色体分离。为了确定是否纺锤体大小调节是通过发育程序实现的,还是由细胞大小或形状内在地指定的,我们开发了一种系统来封装来自非洲爪蟾卵和胚胎的细胞质,该细胞质位于限定大小的细胞样隔室内。纺锤体的大小被观察到随着室的大小减小而缩小,类似于在早期胚胎发生期间发生的情况,并且这种缩放趋势取决于室的体积而不是形状。因此,细胞质物质的量提供了调节细胞内结构大小的机制。
Rapid and reductive cell divisions during embryogenesis require that intracellular structures adapt to a wide range of cell sizes. The mitotic spindle presents a central example of this flexibility, scaling with the dimensions of the cell to mediate accurate chromosome segregation. To determine whether spindle size regulation is achieved through a developmental program or is intrinsically specified by cell size or shape, we developed a system to encapsulate cytoplasm from Xenopus eggs and embryos inside cell-like compartments of defined sizes. Spindle size was observed to shrink with decreasing compartment size, similar to what occurs during early embryogenesis, and this scaling trend depended on compartment volume rather than shape. Thus, the amount of cytoplasmic material provides a mechanism for regulating the size of intracellular structures.
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