Deconstructing gastrulation at single-cell resolution.
Deconstructing gastrulation at single-cell resolution.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.059
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发表时间：
2022-04-25
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Wieschaus, Eric F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stern, Tomer;Shvartsman, Stanislav Y.;Wieschaus, Eric F.
所有动物胚胎中的原肠胚形成运动都始于图案化上皮片的调节变形，这是由细胞分裂、细胞形状变化和细胞嵌入驱动的。这些行为中的每一种都与原肠胚形成的不同方面相关，并且一直是使用遗传、细胞生物学以及最近的生物物理方法进行深入研究的主题。然而，大多数这些研究要么关注驱动原肠胚形成的细胞过程，要么关注大规模的组织变形。显微镜和图像处理的最新进展为整合这些互补的观点创造了独特的机会。在这里，我们朝着桥接这些互补策略迈出了一步，并解构了整个果蝇胚胎中原肠胚形成的早期阶段。我们的方法依赖于细胞分割和跟踪的集成计算框架以及事件检测的有效算法。然后检测到的事件被映射回胚盘壳，提供直观的视觉手段来检查其初始解剖域背景下的复杂细胞活动模式。通过分析这些图，我们发现近一半的表面细胞因内陷而损失，主要是通过瞬时有丝分裂变圆来补偿的。此外，通过分析绘制的细胞插层事件，我们得出插层频率与轴伸长率之间的直接定量关系。这项工作为动物发育关键步骤的系统级解剖奠定了基础。斯特恩等人。提出第一个驱动果蝇原肠胚形成的细胞行为的全胚胎单细胞形态发生图谱。其分析表明，表面上皮因内陷而大量损失主要是通过短暂的有丝分裂变圆来补偿的。嵌入频率和组织伸长之间的直接关系被量化。
Gastrulation movements in all animal embryos start with regulated deformations of patterned epithelial sheets, which are driven by cell divisions, cell shape changes, and cell intercalations. Each of these behaviors has been associated with distinct aspects of gastrulation and has been a subject of intense research using genetic, cell biological, and more recently, biophysical approaches. Most of these studies, however, focus either on cellular processes driving gastrulation or on large-scale tissue deformations. Recent advances in microscopy and image processing create a unique opportunity for integrating these complementary viewpoints. Here, we take a step toward bridging these complementary strategies and deconstruct the early stages of gastrulation in the entire Drosophila embryo. Our approach relies on an integrated computational framework for cell segmentation and tracking and on efficient algorithms for event detection. The detected events are then mapped back onto the blastoderm shell, providing an intuitive visual means to examine complex cellular activity patterns within the context of their initial anatomic domains. By analyzing these maps, we identified that the loss of nearly half of surface cells to invaginations is compensated primarily by transient mitotic rounding. In addition, by analyzing mapped cell intercalation events, we derived direct quantitative relations between intercalation frequency and the rate of axis elongation. This work is setting the stage for systems-level dissection of a pivotal step in animal development. Stern et al. present the first whole-embryo single-cell morphogenetic atlas of cell behaviors driving Drosophila gastrulation. Its analysis reveals that the massive loss of surface epithelium to invaginations is compensated mainly by transient mitotic rounding. Direct relations between intercalation frequency and tissue elongation are quantified.
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