Genomic and metabolic studies of the impact of probiotics on a model gut symbiont and host.
Genomic and metabolic studies of the impact of probiotics on a model gut symbiont and host.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.0040413
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发表时间：
2006-11
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Gordon JI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sonnenburg JL;Chen CT;Gordon JI
益生菌是有意摄取的活细菌种类的制剂，其赋予宿主健康益处。其中许多物种与乳制品的发酵有关。尽管它们的使用越来越多，但通常缺乏各种益生菌制剂对肠道微生物群和宿主的居民成员的影响的分子细节。为了解决这个问题，我们用多形拟杆菌（Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron）和长双歧杆菌（Bifidobacterium longum）在无菌小鼠中定植，多形拟杆菌是成年人肠道微生物群的主要组成部分，长双歧杆菌是一种次要成员，但却是一种常用的益生菌。同时全基因组转录谱的两种细菌物种在其肠道栖息地和肠上皮细胞，结合质谱分析的栖息地相关的碳水化合物，揭示了存在的B。longum elecum扩大了B降解多糖的多样性。多形微粒（例如，含有甘露糖和木糖的聚糖），并诱导参与先天免疫的宿主基因。虽然B.当它遇到B的时候。盲肠中的长肠依赖于小鼠的遗传背景（如通过在NMRI和C57 BL/6 J动物中进行的共定殖实验的混合方差分析[ANOVA]模型评估的），B。多形核菌利用多糖的能力的扩大独立于宿主基因型发生，并且也在发酵乳制品相关菌株干酪乳杆菌中观察到。这种知菌小鼠模型提供了一个对照案例研究，研究常驻共生体和益生菌物种如何调整其底物利用以响应彼此，并说明了宿主、其微生物群组成部分和故意消耗之间关系的一般性和特异性微生物物种。一个gnotobiotic小鼠模型，使宿主和细菌的转录谱。这提供了对肠道对殖民化的反应的见解，并揭示了所有相关生物体如何适应和相互反应。
Probiotics are deliberately ingested preparations of live bacterial species that confer health benefits on the host. Many of these species are associated with the fermentation of dairy products. Despite their increasing use, the molecular details of the impact of various probiotic preparations on resident members of the gut microbiota and the host are generally lacking. To address this issue, we colonized germ-free mice with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a prominent component of the adult human gut microbiota, and Bifidobacterium longum, a minor member but a commonly used probiotic. Simultaneous whole genome transcriptional profiling of both bacterial species in their gut habitat and of the intestinal epithelium, combined with mass-spectrometric analysis of habitat-associated carbohydrates, revealed that the presence of B. longum elicits an expansion in the diversity of polysaccharides targeted for degradation by B. thetaiotaomicron (e.g., mannose- and xylose-containing glycans), and induces host genes involved in innate immunity. Although the overall transcriptome expressed by B. thetaiotaomicron when it encounters B. longum in the cecum is dependent upon the genetic background of the mouse (as assessed by a mixed analysis of variance [ANOVA] model of co-colonization experiments performed in NMRI and C57BL/6J animals), B. thetaiotaomicron's expanded capacity to utilize polysaccharides occurs independently of host genotype, and is also observed with a fermented dairy product-associated strain, Lactobacillus casei. This gnotobiotic mouse model provides a controlled case study of how a resident symbiont and a probiotic species adapt their substrate utilization in response to one another, and illustrates both the generality and specificity of the relationship between a host, a component of its microbiota, and intentionally consumed microbial species. A gnotobiotic mouse model enabled transcriptional profiling of both host and bacteria. This provides insights into the intestinal response to colonization and reveals how all organisms involved adapt and respond to one another.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.011404098
发表时间：
2001-01-02
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Li, C;Wong, WH
通讯作者：
Wong, WH
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
MILLER, TL;WOLIN, MJ
通讯作者：
WOLIN, MJ
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Gill, Steven R.;Pop, Mihai;Nelson, Karen E.
通讯作者：
Nelson, Karen E.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504978102
发表时间：
2005-08-02
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ley, RE;Bäckhed, F;Gordon, JI
通讯作者：
Gordon, JI
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Marteau, PR;de Vrese, M;Schrezenmeir, J
通讯作者：
Schrezenmeir, J