Drosophila cytokine unpaired 2 regulates physiological homeostasis by remotely controlling insulin secretion.

Drosophila cytokine unpaired 2 regulates physiological homeostasis by remotely controlling insulin secretion.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.019
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发表时间:
2012-09-28
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Perrimon N
Perrimon N
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rajan A;Perrimon N

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在果蝇中,脂肪体(FB)是脊椎动物脂肪组织的功能类似物,是“营养传感器”,将营养状态传递给果蝇脑中的胰岛素产生细胞(IPC)以释放胰岛素样肽(Dilps)。Dilp分泌反过来调节能量平衡,促进全身生长。我们确定Unpaired 2(Upd 2),一种与I型细胞因子相似的蛋白质,作为FB在“进食”状态下产生的分泌因子。当upd 2功能在FB中受到干扰时,它会导致生长的全身性减少并改变能量代谢。Upd 2激活投射到IPC上的GABA能神经元群体中的JAK/STAT信号传导。这种激活缓解了IPC上GABA能神经元的抑制性张力,导致Dilps的分泌。引人注目的是,我们发现人Leptin可以拯救upd 2突变表型,这表明Upd 2是Leptin的功能同源物。
In Drosophila the fat body (FB), a functional analog of the vertebrate adipose tissue, is the 'nutrient sensor' that conveys the nutrient status to the insulin producing cells (IPCs) in the fly brain to release insulin-like peptides (Dilps). Dilp secretion in turn regulates energy balance and promotes systemic growth. We identify Unpaired2 (Upd2), a protein with similarities to type I cytokines, as a secreted factor produced by the FB in the ‘fed’ state. When upd2 function is perturbed specifically in the FB, it results in a systemic reduction in growth and alters energy metabolism. Upd2 activates JAK/STAT signaling in a population of GABAergic neurons that project onto the IPCs. This activation relieves the inhibitory tone of the GABAergic neurons on the IPCs, resulting in the secretion of Dilps. Strikingly, we find that human Leptin, can rescue the upd2 mutant phenotypes, suggesting that Upd2 is the functional homolog of Leptin.
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