Understanding Sexual Harassment Through an Individual and Relational Lens: Are Risk Factors the Same for Female and Male Perpetrators?
Understanding Sexual Harassment Through an Individual and Relational Lens: Are Risk Factors the Same for Female and Male Perpetrators?
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DOI：
10.1177/08862605211028316
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mitchell, Kimberly J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stroem, Ida Frugard;Goodman, Kimberly L.;Ybarra, Michele L.;Mitchell, Kimberly J.
由于性暴力被广泛认为是一个公共卫生问题，性骚扰已经引起了研究人员和公众的极大关注。然而，对青少年样本的研究通常侧重于受害者的经历，而不是犯罪者的经历，男性是犯罪者，女性是受害者。在目前的文章中，我们考虑风险和保护因素是否在出生时分配的性别内和性别间具有相似的作用。通过社交媒体招募了14岁和15岁的全国青年样本，并进行了在线调查（N = 1，981）。在个人层面上，与性骚扰的男孩相比，性骚扰他人的女孩更有可能对刺激做出愤怒的反应。在关系层面上，与男孩相比，性骚扰的女孩更有可能成为性骚扰的受害者，并且具有负面的同伴环境（有犯罪的同伴，看到有人受到攻击，知道有人受到性侵犯）对于理解女孩为什么骚扰他人特别重要。对于进行骚扰的男孩来说，家庭关系、看到或听到同伴的人身攻击或性攻击以及欺凌行为对于确定男孩性骚扰的背景非常重要。随着同情心的增加，女孩遭受性骚扰的相对几率降低了。未来的研究应探讨性骚扰的动机，旁观者的干预措施和纵向框架，以确定因果模式，以确定哪些因素抑制或促进性骚扰。
Given widespread recognition of sexual violence as a public health concern, sexual harassment has garnered considerable attention from researchers and the public. Yet research with adolescent samples has typically focused on the experiences of victims rather than perpetrators, and males as perpetrators and females as victims. In the current article, we consider whether risk and protective factors operate similarly within and across sex assigned at birth. A national sample of youth, ages 14 and 15, were recruited via social media and surveyed online (N = 1,981). At the individual level, girls who sexually harassed others, were more likely to have a propensity to respond to stimuli with anger compared to boys who sexually harassed. At the relational level, girls who sexually harassed were more likely to be victims of sexual harassment compared to boys, and having a negative peer environment (have delinquent peers, seen someone get attacked, and know someone who has been sexually assaulted) was of particular importance in understanding why girls harass others. For boys who harass, family relations, having seen or heard about peer physical or sexual assault and bullying perpetration were important for contextualizing boys’ sexual harassment. As empathy increased, the relative odds of sexually harassing decreased for girls. Future research should explore motivations for perpetrating sexual harassment, bystander interventions, and longitudinal frameworks to identify causal patterns to determine which factors inhibit or facilitate sexual harassment.
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