Reputation drives cooperative behaviour and network formation in human groups.
Reputation drives cooperative behaviour and network formation in human groups.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep07843
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发表时间：
2015-01-19
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Sánchez A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cuesta JA;Gracia-Lázaro C;Ferrer A;Moreno Y;Sánchez A
合作是人性的一个决定性特征。理论家提出了几种机制来解释这种普遍存在的现象，包括互惠、声誉和惩罚，但问题仍然没有解决。在这里，我们通过对一群人在动态网络上反复玩囚徒困境进行的实验表明，真正促进合作的是声誉。虽然这种机制已经在非结构化群体中观察到，但我们发现，当玩家可以动态重新配置的网络给出交互时，它的作用是相同的。此外，我们的观察表明，记忆也驱动网络形成过程，合作者分类越多，链接寿命越长，过去的操作记录就越长。我们的分析首次表明，声誉可以很好地量化为过去合作行为和最后执行的行动的分数的加权平均值。这一发现在协作系统和电子商务中具有潜在的应用。
Cooperativeness is a defining feature of human nature. Theoreticians have suggested several mechanisms to explain this ubiquitous phenomenon, including reciprocity, reputation, and punishment, but the problem is still unsolved. Here we show, through experiments conducted with groups of people playing an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma on a dynamic network, that it is reputation what really fosters cooperation. While this mechanism has already been observed in unstructured populations, we find that it acts equally when interactions are given by a network that players can reconfigure dynamically. Furthermore, our observations reveal that memory also drives the network formation process, and cooperators assort more, with longer link lifetimes, the longer the past actions record. Our analysis demonstrates, for the first time, that reputation can be very well quantified as a weighted mean of the fractions of past cooperative acts and the last action performed. This finding has potential applications in collaborative systems and e-commerce.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0912515107
发表时间：
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影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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