Food for contagion: synthesis and future directions for studying host-parasite responses to resource shifts in anthropogenic environments.
Food for contagion: synthesis and future directions for studying host-parasite responses to resource shifts in anthropogenic environments.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2017.0102
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发表时间：
2018-05-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Streicker DG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Altizer S;Becker DJ;Epstein JH;Forbes KM;Gillespie TR;Hall RJ;Hawley DM;Hernandez SM;Martin LB;Plowright RK;Satterfield DA;Streicker DG
人类为野生动物提供的资源补贴是多种多样的、常见的，并且对野生动物与病原体的相互作用产生深远的影响，这一主题的论文涵盖了一系列研究系统的经验、理论和管理视角，证明了这一点。贡献跨越组织规模，从免疫功能的宿主内部动态，到人群水平对寄生虫传播的影响，再到景观和区域规模的感染模式。在这篇结论性论文中，我们确定了作者贡献的共同点和主要发现，包括资源补贴对（i）宿主免疫力的影响； (ii) 动物聚集和接触率； (iii) 宿主移动和景观水平感染模式； (iv) 种间接触和跨物种传播。未来工作的令人兴奋的途径包括整合机械模型和实证方法以更好地探索跨尺度过程的研究，以及对食物资源进行实验操作以量化宿主和病原体反应。还需要开展工作来检查对供应的进化反应，并询问饮食改变宿主微生物组的变化如何影响感染过程。考虑到人为资源转移对公共卫生和保护的巨大影响，我们最后强调需要提出切实可行的建议来管理补充喂养方式，限制人类与野生动物在共享食物资源上的冲突，并减少跨物种传播风险，包括对人类的传播风险。
Human-provided resource subsidies for wildlife are diverse, common, and have profound consequences for wildlife–pathogen interactions, as demonstrated by papers in this themed issue spanning empirical, theoretical, and management perspectives from a range of study systems. Contributions cut across scales of organization, from the within-host dynamics of immune function, to population-level impacts on parasite transmission, to landscape- and regional-scale patterns of infection. In this concluding paper, we identify common threads and key findings from author contributions, including the consequences of resource subsidies for (i) host immunity; (ii) animal aggregation and contact rates; (iii) host movement and landscape-level infection patterns; and (iv) inter-specific contacts and cross-species transmission. Exciting avenues for future work include studies that integrate mechanistic modeling and empirical approaches to better explore cross-scale processes, and experimental manipulations of food resources to quantify host and pathogen responses. Work is also needed to examine evolutionary responses to provisioning, and ask how diet-altered changes to the host microbiome influence infection processes. Given the massive public health and conservation implications of anthropogenic resource shifts, we end by underscoring the need for practical recommendations to manage supplemental feeding practices, limit human–wildlife conflicts over shared food resources, and reduce cross-species transmission risks, including to humans.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2017.0093
发表时间：
2018-05-05
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cotterill GG;Cross PC;Cole EK;Fuda RK;Rogerson JD;Scurlock BM;du Toit JT
通讯作者：
du Toit JT
不同沙特人群和猴子的肠道微生物组和饮食模式。
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Angelakis E;Yasir M;Bachar D;Azhar EI;Lagier JC;Bibi F;Jiman-Fatani AA;Alawi M;Bakarman MA;Robert C;Raoult D
通讯作者：
Raoult D
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Becker, Daniel J.;Chumchal, Matthew M.;Streicker, Daniel G.
通讯作者：
Streicker, Daniel G.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Blanco, Guillermo;Lemus, Jesus A.;Garcia-Montijano, Marino
通讯作者：
Garcia-Montijano, Marino
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Chowdhury, Sukanta;Khan, Salah Uddin;Luby, Stephen P.
通讯作者：
Luby, Stephen P.