Ocular dominance columns: enigmas and challenges.

Ocular dominance columns: enigmas and challenges.
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DOI:
10.1177/1073858408327806
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发表时间:
2009-03
期刊:
The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Horton JC
Horton JC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Adams DL;Horton JC

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在某些哺乳动物物种中,服务于每只眼睛的膝状皮质传入神经在纹状皮质的4C层中被分离成称为眼优势柱的条纹。在描述了人类大脑中眼优势柱的完整模式之后,作者在这里列举了未来研究者面临的主要谜团。也许最大的挑战是解释眼优势柱的功能,如果有的话,以及为什么它们存在于一些物种而不是其他物种。一个令人满意的解决方案必须考虑到巨大的自然变化,即使在同一物种中,个体之间在列表达,模式,周期性和与功能架构的其他组件的对齐。另一个主要的优先事项是解释眼优势柱的发展。已经明确的是,它们的形成没有视觉经验,但引导它们分离和成熟的先天信号是未知的。研究自发性视网膜活动作用的实验产生了相互矛盾的数据。这些研究必须协调一致,为了解大脑皮层中柱状结构是如何产生的铺平道路。
In some mammalian species, geniculocortical afferents serving each eye are segregated in layer 4C of striate cortex into stripes called ocular dominance columns. Having described the complete pattern of ocular dominance columns in the human brain, the authors enumerate here the principal enigmas that confront future investigators. Probably the overarching challenge is to explain the function, if any, of ocular dominance columns and why they are present in some species and not others. A satisfactory solution must account for the enormous natural variation, even within the same species, among individuals in column expression, pattern, periodicity, and alignment with other components of the functional architecture. Another major priority is to explain the development of ocular dominance columns. It has been established clearly that they form without visual experience, but the innate signals that guide their segregation and maturation are unknown. Experiments addressing the role of spontaneous retinal activity have yielded contradictory data. These studies must be reconciled, to pave the way for new insights into how columnar structure is generated in the cerebral cortex.
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