Creative Empathy

Creative Empathy
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创意同理心

DOI:
10.1080/10400419.2023.2229649
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Beaty, Roger E.
Beaty, Roger E.
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderson, Stephen;Cameron, C. Daryl;Beaty, Roger E.

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长期以来,同理心研究一直强调想象他人想法时的准确性。我们探讨同理心是否可以成为一个创造性的过程,在这个过程中,人们会思考他人经历的多种不同可能性。我们开发了两项任务来衡量创造性同理心。首先,我们采用“前向流”来衡量想象其他思想时创造力的动态展开,量化为自由关联其他思想的内容时精神状态概念之间的语义距离。其次,我们开发了一项发散思维任务,参与者反思他人的心理状态,并使用主观和自动化方法对反应进行评分。在研究 1-3 中,被指示要“发挥创造力”的参与者比被指示要准确且无指示的参与者表现出更高的分数,这表明人们在如何创造性地处理同理心方面存在差异。在研究 4 中,被指示对目标表现出同理心(相对于客观)的参与者在发散思维任务中表现出更大的创造力,这表明同理心可以产生创造力。这些任务的创造力与特质和状态同理心测量不一致,这表明创造性同理心和同理心结果之间存在复杂的关系。总的来说,这些发现支持了一种测量同理心的新方法,该方法可以解释创造性过程,从而扩大同理心和创造力研究的范围。
Empathy research has long emphasized accuracy when imagining other minds. We explore whether empathy can be a creative process, where people think of multiple diverging possibilities of others’ experiences. We developed two tasks to measure creative empathy. First, we adapted “forward flow” to measure the dynamic unfolding of creativity while imagining other minds, quantified as semantic distance between mental state concepts when freely associating the contents of other minds. Second, we developed a divergent thinking task where participants reflect on others’ mental states and responses are scored using subjective and automated methods. In Studies 1–3, participants instructed to “be creative” showed higher scores than those instructed to be accurate and a no-instruction control, demonstrating that people vary in how creatively they approach empathy. In Study 4, participants instructed to be empathic (vs. objective) toward a target showed greater creativity on the divergent thinking task, demonstrating that empathy can produce creativity. Creativity on these tasks were inconsistently associated with trait and state empathy measures, suggesting complex relationships between creative empathy and empathic outcomes. Overall, these findings support a novel approach to measuring empathy that accounts for creative processes, broadening the scope of empathy and creativity research.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140838
发表时间: 2015
期刊: PloS one
影响因子: 3.7
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发表时间: 2019
影响因子: 7.6
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发表时间: 2001-02-01
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