Neuroimaging reveals dual routes to reading in simultaneous proficient readers of two orthographies.
Neuroimaging reveals dual routes to reading in simultaneous proficient readers of two orthographies.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.022
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发表时间：
2011-01-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Singh NC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Das T;Padakannaya P;Pugh KR;Singh NC
不同语言之间的正字法差异对不同的组成过程施加了不同的权重，从而影响了单词阅读任务中的不同路径。阅读透明正字法（如意大利语和印地语）的人被认为依赖于拼写到声音的组合，并且在背侧通路上的语音调谐区域显示出更多的激活，而阅读不透明正字法（如英语）的人被认为更多地依赖于词汇介导的处理，这与腹侧通路上的语义调谐区域的激活增加有关。为了测试双语印地语/英语读者是否表现出拼写特定的阅读途径，我们使用了行为测量和功能神经成像。将单语英语和印地语读者的反应时间和激活模式与两组成人双语者进行比较；14名同时阅读者，5岁学会两种语言，10名顺序阅读者，5岁学习印地语，10岁学习英语。同时阅读而非顺序阅读在两种语言中显示出背侧和腹侧区域的相对激活差异。与母语读者相似，同时阅读者在阅读英语时优先激活左颞下回，在阅读印地语时优先激活左顶叶下回，而顺序阅读者在阅读两种语言时均表现出更高的左顶叶下回激活。我们认为，早期同时接触不同的正字法阅读会导致正字法特异性可塑性持续到成年期。
Orthographic differences across languages impose differential weighting on distinct component processes, and consequently on different pathways during word-reading tasks. Readers of transparent orthographies such as Italian and Hindi are thought to rely on spelling-to-sound assembly and show increased activation in phonologically-tuned areas along the dorsal pathway, whereas reading an opaque orthography such as English is thought to rely more on lexically-mediated processing associated with increased activation of semantically-tuned regions along the ventral pathway. To test if biliterate Hindi/English readers exhibit orthography-specific reading pathways, we used behavioural measures and functional neuroimaging. Reaction times and activation patterns of monolingual English and Hindi readers were compared to two groups of adult biliterates; 14 simultaneous readers who learnt to read both languages at age 5 and 10 sequential readers who learnt Hindi at 5 and English at 10. Simultaneous, but not sequential readers demonstrated relative activation differences of dorsal and ventral areas in the two languages. Similar to native counterparts, simultaneous readers preferentially activated the left inferior temporal gyrus for English and left inferior parietal lobule (L-IPL) for Hindi, whereas, sequential readers showed higher activation along the L-IPL for reading both languages. We suggest that early simultaneous exposure to reading distinct orthographies results in orthography-specific plasticity that persists through adulthood.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Poldrack, Russell A.
通讯作者：
Poldrack, Russell A.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Jobard, G;Crivello, F;Tzourio-Mazoyer, N
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.5.4.674
发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Perfetti, CA
通讯作者：
Perfetti, CA