The neural circuits recruited for the production of signs and fingerspelled words.
The neural circuits recruited for the production of signs and fingerspelled words.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bandl.2016.07.003
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Grabowski, Thomas J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emmorey, Karen;Mehta, Sonya;McCullough, Stephen;Grabowski, Thomas J.
手势不同于典型的非语言手部动作，因为动作不是视觉引导的，手指动作是复杂的（特别是手指拼写），并且手势不是作为整体手势产生的。我们使用正电子发射断层扫描，以调查参与生产的美国手语（ASL）的神经回路。不同类型的标志（单手（在中性空间），双手（中性空间），和单手身体锚定的标志），通过要求聋人本地签名产生的英语单词的标志翻译。参与者还用手指拼写（单手）打印的英语单词。在基线任务中，参与者指出一个单词是否包含降序字母。Fingerspelling从事同侧运动皮层和小脑皮层相比，单手的迹象和下降基线任务，这可能反映了更大的时间要求和复杂性的手形序列所需的fingerspelling。更大的激活视觉词形区也观察到手指拼写的话相比，单手的迹象。身体锚定的迹象从事双边上级顶叶皮层在更大程度上比下行基线任务和中性空间的迹象，反映了运动控制和本体感觉监测需要直接手对身体的特定位置。与单手手势相比，观察到双手手势的部分运动回路激活较少，这可能是因为，对于一半的手势，手形和运动目标分布在两个肢体上。最后，连接分析比较每个符号类型与下行基线任务显示共同激活的边缘上回双边，我们解释为反映语音检索和编码过程。
Signing differs from typical non-linguistic hand actions because movements are not visually guided, finger movements are complex (particularly for fingerspelling), and signs are not produced as holistic gestures. We used positron emission tomography to investigate the neural circuits involved in the production of American Sign Language (ASL). Different types of signs (one-handed (articulated in neutral space), two-handed (neutral space), and one-handed body-anchored signs) were elicited by asking deaf native signers to produce sign translations of English words. Participants also fingerspelled (one-handed) printed English words. For the baseline task, participants indicated whether a word contained a descending letter. Fingerspelling engaged ipsilateral motor cortex and cerebellar cortex in contrast to both one-handed signs and the descender baseline task, which may reflect greater timing demands and complexity of handshape sequences required for fingerspelling. Greater activation in the visual word form area was also observed for fingerspelled words compared to one-handed signs. Body-anchored signs engaged bilateral superior parietal cortex to a greater extent than the descender baseline task and neutral space signs, reflecting the motor control and proprioceptive monitoring required to direct the hand toward a specific location on the body. Less activation in parts of the motor circuit was observed for two-handed signs compared to one-handed signs, possibly because, for half of the signs, handshape and movement goals were spread across the two limbs. Finally, the conjunction analysis comparing each sign type with the descender baseline task revealed common activation in the supramarginal gyrus bilaterally, which we interpret as reflecting phonological retrieval and encoding processes.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Emmorey, Karen;Bosworth, Rain;Kraljic, Tanya
通讯作者：
Kraljic, Tanya
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Emmorey K;McCullough S;Mehta S;Grabowski TJ
通讯作者：
Grabowski TJ
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Corina, DP;Jose-Robertson, LS;Braun, AR
通讯作者：
Braun, AR
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Emmorey, Karen;Mehta, Sonya;Grabowski, Thomas J.
通讯作者：
Grabowski, Thomas J.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Emmorey, Karen;Weisberg, Jill;Petrich, Jennifer A. F.
通讯作者：
Petrich, Jennifer A. F.