Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Immunomodulatory and Bone Regeneration Potential after Tumor Excision in Osteosarcoma Patients.
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Immunomodulatory and Bone Regeneration Potential after Tumor Excision in Osteosarcoma Patients.
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DOI：
10.3390/bioengineering10101187
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发表时间：
2023-10-13
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骨肉瘤（OS）是一种来源于原始间充质细胞的骨癌，通常影响儿童和年轻人。目前的治疗标准是新辅助化疗和手术切除癌骨的组合。切除后骨再生的挑战出现。为了确定要切除的适当骨量，采用术前成像技术，如骨和CT扫描。为了防止局部复发，目前的护理标准建议将骨和软组织边缘保持在肿瘤外3至7 cm。在OS患者中切除的骨的量对于骨自身形成留下太大的缺损，并且需要用金属植入物或同种异体移植物进行重建。这两种方法都需要骨愈合，无论是植入物还是穿过同种异体移植物连接处，通常在骨髓杀伤化疗的情况下。因此，手术切除的边缘内的骨再生问题仍然是患者、家庭和治疗提供者的重要挑战。间充质干/基质细胞（MSC）是促进肿瘤切除后骨再生的潜在药物。MSC与支架和生长因子一起使用，在OS病例中显示出促进骨再生的前景。我们重点介绍两种MSC类型-骨髓源性（BM-MSC）和脂肪组织源性（ASC）-强调它们对巨噬细胞和T细胞等免疫细胞的骨再生促进和免疫调节作用，增强治疗效果。本综述的目的是双重的：综述工作证明任何能力的骨髓间充质干细胞靶向混乱的免疫系统在OS微环境中，并综合现有的文献中使用骨髓间充质干细胞作为一种治疗选择刺激骨再生OS患者骨切除术后。当涉及到修复骨缺损时，MB-MSCs和ASC都具有刺激骨再生的巨大潜力。研究表明，它们在重建骨缺损方面的有效性，同时在广泛切除骨肿瘤后保持非致瘤作用，强调了它们在肿瘤切除后增强骨愈合和再生的能力。
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of bone cancer that is derived from primitive mesenchymal cells typically affecting children and young adults. The current standard of treatment is a combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection of the cancerous bone. Post-resection challenges in bone regeneration arise. To determine the appropriate amount of bone to be removed, preoperative imaging techniques such as bone and CT scans are employed. To prevent local recurrence, the current standard of care suggests maintaining bony and soft tissue margins from 3 to 7 cm beyond the tumor. The amount of bone removed in an OS patient leaves too large of a deficit for bone to form on its own and requires reconstruction with metal implants or allografts. Both methods require the bone to heal, either to the implant or across the allograft junction, often in the setting of marrow-killing chemotherapy. Therefore, the issue of bone regeneration within the surgically resected margins remains an important challenge for the patient, family, and treating providers. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are potential agents for enhancing bone regeneration post tumor resection. MSCs, used with scaffolds and growth factors, show promise in fostering bone regeneration in OS cases. We spotlight two MSC types—bone marrow-derived (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived (ASCs)—highlighting their bone regrowth facilitation and immunomodulatory effects on immune cells like macrophages and T cells, enhancing therapeutic outcomes. The objective of this review is two-fold: review work demonstrating any ability of MSCs to target the deranged immune system in the OS microenvironment, and synthesize the available literature on the use of MSCs as a therapeutic option for stimulating bone regrowth in OS patients post bone resection. When it comes to repairing bone defects, both MB-MSCs and ASCs hold great potential for stimulating bone regeneration. Research has showcased their effectiveness in reconstructing bone defects while maintaining a non-tumorigenic role following wide resection of bone tumors, underscoring their capability to enhance bone healing and regeneration following tumor excisions.
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DOI：
10.3390/gels9040274
发表时间：
2023-03-25
期刊：
Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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Boutilier AJ;Elsawa SF
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Elsawa SF
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Caplan AI;Correa D
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Correa D
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Corselli, Mirko;Chin, Chee Jia;Peault, Bruno
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Peault, Bruno
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Dvorakova, Jana;Wiesnerova, Lucie;Chocholata, Petra;Kulda, Vlastimil;Landsmann, Lukas;Cedikova, Miroslava;Kripnerova, Michaela;Eberlova, Lada;Babuska, Vaclav
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Babuska, Vaclav