The remarkable pliability and promiscuity of specialized metabolism

The remarkable pliability and promiscuity of specialized metabolism
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特殊新陈代谢的显着的柔韧性和混杂性

DOI:
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
J. Noel
J. Noel
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作者:
J. Noel

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代谢途径通常被认为是“完美的”或至少是可预测的,因为底物通过催化和/或代谢优化的酶的干预有效地重排成产物。此外,这些单独的步骤连接起来,形成了无数的代谢回路,这些回路通常以高度的确定性建模。然而,经过更仔细的研究,大多数酶的活性并不精确,不仅使用一种底物,而且经常使用多种底物,不仅产生一种产物,而且产生多种产物。因此,由具有不同程度的催化混杂性的酶组装的代谢系统并不是明确的和限制性的;相反,它们有时可能在细胞内环境中有点随机地运行。这种“混乱”使我们对正常和异常细胞行为的理解变得复杂,同时矛盾地为宿主生物体未来有利的代谢适应播下种子。
Metabolic pathways are often considered “perfected” or at least predictable as substrates efficiently rearrange into products through the intervention of a catalytically and/or metabolically optimized enzyme. Moreover, these individual steps link up forming a myriad of metabolic circuits that are often modeled with a high degree of certainty. However, upon closer examination, most enzymes are not precise with respect to their activity, using not just one substrate but often a variety, and producing not just one product but a diversity. Hence, the metabolic systems assembled from enzymes possessing varying degrees of what can be termed catalytic promiscuity are not clear‐cut and restrictive; rather, they may at times operate somewhat stochastically in the intracellular milieu. This “messiness” complicates our understanding of normal and aberrant cellular behavior while paradoxically sowing the seeds for future advantageous metabolic adaptations for the host organisms.
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